Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.41.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
स क्षप॒: परि॑ षस्वजे॒ न्यु१॒॑स्रो मा॒यया॑ दधे॒ स विश्वं॒ परि॑ दर्श॒तः । तस्य॒ वेनी॒रनु॑ व्र॒तमु॒षस्ति॒स्रो अ॑वर्धय॒न्नभ॑न्तामन्य॒के स॑मे ॥
स क्षपः परि षस्वजे न्युस्रो मायया दधे स विश्वं परि दर्शतः । तस्य वेनीरनु व्रतमुषस्तिस्रो अवर्धयन्नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥
sa kṣapaḥ pari ṣasvaje ny usro māyayā dadhe sa viśvam pari darśataḥ | tasya venīr anu vratam uṣas tisro avardhayan nabhantām anyake same ||
English translation:
“He embraces the nights; of goodly aspect, and quick of movement, he encompasses the universe byhis acts; all who are desirous (of his favour) diligently offer him worship at the three diurnal rites; may all ouradversaries perish.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Quick of movement: utsaraṇaśīlaḥ: usra = morning
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सः । क्षपः॑ । परि॑ । स॒स्व॒जे॒ । नि । उ॒स्रः । मा॒यया॑ । दधे॑ । सः । विश्व॑म् । परि॑ । द॒र्श॒तः । तस्य॑ । वेनीः॑ । अनु॑ । व्र॒तम् । उ॒षः । ति॒स्रः । अ॒व॒र्ध॒य॒न् । नभ॑न्ताम् । अ॒न्य॒के । स॒मे॒ ॥
सः । क्षपः । परि । सस्वजे । नि । उस्रः । मायया । दधे । सः । विश्वम् । परि । दर्शतः । तस्य । वेनीः । अनु । व्रतम् । उषः । तिस्रः । अवर्धयन् । नभन्ताम् । अन्यके । समे ॥
saḥ | kṣapaḥ | pari | sasvaje | ni | usraḥ | māyayā | dadhe | saḥ | viśvam | pari | darśataḥ | tasya | venīḥ | anu | vratam | uṣaḥ | tisraḥ | avardhayan | nabhantām | anyake | same
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.41.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“night.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“embrace.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“dawn.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“magic trick; Māyā; deception; illusion; māyā [word]; disguise; trick.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“beautiful; visible; beautiful.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“dawn.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“increase; strengthen; promote; rear; add; greet; laud.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“burst.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“other; another(a).”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”