Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.40.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र ब्रह्मा॑णि नभाक॒वदि॑न्द्रा॒ग्निभ्या॑मिरज्यत । या स॒प्तबु॑ध्नमर्ण॒वं जि॒ह्मबा॑रमपोर्णु॒त इन्द्र॒ ईशा॑न॒ ओज॑सा॒ नभ॑न्तामन्य॒के स॑मे ॥
प्र ब्रह्माणि नभाकवदिन्द्राग्निभ्यामिरज्यत । या सप्तबुध्नमर्णवं जिह्मबारमपोर्णुत इन्द्र ईशान ओजसा नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥
pra brahmāṇi nabhākavad indrāgnibhyām irajyata | yā saptabudhnam arṇavaṃ jihmabāram aporṇuta indra īśāna ojasā nabhantām anyake same ||

English translation:

“Address like Nabhāka your praises to Indra and Agni, who overspread (with their lustre) theseven-rooted ocean whose gates are hidden, and of whom Indra by his might is the lord; may all our adversariesperish.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Seven-rooted ocean whose gates are hidden: yā saptabudhnam arṇavam jihmabāram aporṇutaḥ =saptamūlam pihita dvāram arṇavam tejobhir ācchād_yataḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): jagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । ब्रह्मा॑णि । न॒भा॒क॒ऽवत् । इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्निऽभ्या॑म् । इ॒र॒ज्य॒त॒ । या । स॒प्तऽबु॑ध्नम् । अ॒र्ण॒वम् । जि॒ह्मऽबा॑रम् । अ॒प॒ऽऊ॒र्णु॒तः । इन्द्रः॑ । ईशा॑नः । ओज॑सा । नभ॑न्ताम् । अ॒न्य॒के । स॒मे॒ ॥
प्र । ब्रह्माणि । नभाकवत् । इन्द्राग्निभ्याम् । इरज्यत । या । सप्तबुध्नम् । अर्णवम् । जिह्मबारम् । अपऊर्णुतः । इन्द्रः । ईशानः । ओजसा । नभन्ताम् । अन्यके । समे ॥
pra | brahmāṇi | nabhāka-vat | indrāgni-bhyām | irajyata | yā | sapta-budhnam | arṇavam | jihma-bāram | apa-ūrṇutaḥ | indraḥ | īśānaḥ | ojasā | nabhantām | anyake | same

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.40.5 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

brahmāṇi < brahman

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”

nabhākavad < nabhāka

[noun], masculine

nabhākavad < vat

[adverb]

“equally; like.”

indrāgnibhyām < indra

[noun], masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

indrāgnibhyām < agnibhyām < agni

[noun], dative, dual, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

irajyata < irajy < √rañj

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“direct.”

< yad

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

saptabudhnam < sapta < saptan

[noun]

“seven; seventh.”

saptabudhnam < budhnam < budhna

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“bottom; bottom; base.”

arṇavaṃ < arṇavam < arṇava

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“ocean; sea; four.”

jihmabāram < jihma

[noun]

“crooked; oblique; crooked.”

jihmabāram < bāram < bāra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

aporṇuta < aporṇutaḥ < apavṛ < √vṛ

[verb], dual, Present indikative

“open.”

indra < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

īśāna < īśānaḥ < īś

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

ojasā < ojas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“strength; power; ojas; ojas [word]; potency; might.”

nabhantām < nabh

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“burst.”

anyake < anyaka

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“other; another(a).”

same < sama

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”

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