Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.40.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒भ्य॑र्च नभाक॒वदि॑न्द्रा॒ग्नी य॒जसा॑ गि॒रा । ययो॒र्विश्व॑मि॒दं जग॑दि॒यं द्यौः पृ॑थि॒वी म॒ह्यु१॒॑पस्थे॑ बिभृ॒तो वसु॒ नभ॑न्तामन्य॒के स॑मे ॥
अभ्यर्च नभाकवदिन्द्राग्नी यजसा गिरा । ययोर्विश्वमिदं जगदियं द्यौः पृथिवी मह्युपस्थे बिभृतो वसु नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥
abhy arca nabhākavad indrāgnī yajasā girā | yayor viśvam idaṃ jagad iyaṃ dyauḥ pṛthivī mahy upasthe bibhṛto vasu nabhantām anyake same ||
English translation:
“Worship, like Nabhāka, Indra and Agni with sacrifice and praise, of whom is this universe, upon whoselap this heaven and the spacious earth deposit their treasure; may all our adversaries perish.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Nabhāka: the ṛṣiof the hymn is Nābhāka, perhaps a patronymic
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒भि । अ॒र्च॒ । न॒भा॒क॒ऽवत् । इ॒न्द्रा॒ग्नी इति॑ । य॒जसा॑ । गि॒रा । ययोः॑ । विश्व॑म् । इ॒दम् । जग॑त् । इ॒यम् । द्यौः । पृ॒थि॒वी । म॒ही । उ॒पऽस्थे॑ । बि॒भृ॒तः । वसु॑ । नभ॑न्ताम् । अ॒न्य॒के । स॒मे॒ ॥
अभि । अर्च । नभाकवत् । इन्द्राग्नी इति । यजसा । गिरा । ययोः । विश्वम् । इदम् । जगत् । इयम् । द्यौः । पृथिवी । मही । उपस्थे । बिभृतः । वसु । नभन्ताम् । अन्यके । समे ॥
abhi | arca | nabhāka-vat | indrāgnī iti | yajasā | girā | yayoḥ | viśvam | idam | jagat | iyam | dyauḥ | pṛthivī | mahī | upa-sthe | bibhṛtaḥ | vasu | nabhantām | anyake | same
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.40.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“sing; worship; honor; praise; welcome.”
[noun], masculine
[adverb]
“equally; like.”
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, dual, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“adoration.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”
[noun], genitive, dual, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“universe; Earth; world; people; Jagatī; Loka; animal; being.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“genitalia; lap; sexual desire; anus.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“burst.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“other; another(a).”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”