Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.40.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
न॒हि वां॑ व॒व्रया॑म॒हेऽथेन्द्र॒मिद्य॑जामहे॒ शवि॑ष्ठं नृ॒णां नर॑म् । स न॑: क॒दा चि॒दर्व॑ता॒ गम॒दा वाज॑सातये॒ गम॒दा मे॒धसा॑तये॒ नभ॑न्तामन्य॒के स॑मे ॥
नहि वां वव्रयामहेऽथेन्द्रमिद्यजामहे शविष्ठं नृणां नरम् । स नः कदा चिदर्वता गमदा वाजसातये गमदा मेधसातये नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥
nahi vāṃ vavrayāmahe 'thendram id yajāmahe śaviṣṭhaṃ nṛṇāṃ naram | sa naḥ kadā cid arvatā gamad ā vājasātaye gamad ā medhasātaye nabhantām anyake same ||
English translation:
“Do we not invoke you both? We worship especially Indra, who is the strongest leader of men; he comesoccasionally with his horses to bestow upon us food; he comes to partake of the sacrifice; may all ouradversaries perish.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Do we not invoke you both: we do not invoke you both; to bestow upon us food: for thereceiving of food
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭśakvarī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
न॒हि । वा॒म् । व॒व्रया॑महे । अथ॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । इत् । य॒जा॒म॒हे॒ । शवि॑ष्ठम् । नृ॒णाम् । नर॑म् । सः । नः॒ । क॒दा । चि॒त् । अर्व॑ता । गम॑त् । आ । वाज॑ऽसातये । गम॑त् । आ । मे॒धऽसा॑तये । नभ॑न्ताम् । अ॒न्य॒के । स॒मे॒ ॥
नहि । वाम् । वव्रयामहे । अथ । इन्द्रम् । इत् । यजामहे । शविष्ठम् । नृणाम् । नरम् । सः । नः । कदा । चित् । अर्वता । गमत् । आ । वाजसातये । गमत् । आ । मेधसातये । नभन्ताम् । अन्यके । समे ॥
nahi | vām | vavrayāmahe | atha | indram | it | yajāmahe | śaviṣṭham | nṛṇām | naram | saḥ | naḥ | kadā | cit | arvatā | gamat | ā | vāja-sātaye | gamat | ā | medha-sātaye | nabhantām | anyake | same
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.40.2 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
[noun], accusative, dual
“you.”
[?]
“_”
[adverb]
“now; then; furthermore; now; then.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“mighty.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“sometimes; ever; once.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“horse.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], masculine
“prize; Vāja; reward; reward; Ribhus; vigor; strength; contest.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“victory; acquisition; contest.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], masculine
“yajña; juice.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“victory; acquisition; contest.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“burst.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“other; another(a).”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”