Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.40.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी यु॒वं सु न॒: सह॑न्ता॒ दास॑थो र॒यिम् । येन॑ दृ॒ळ्हा स॒मत्स्वा वी॒ळु चि॑त्साहिषी॒मह्य॒ग्निर्वने॑व॒ वात॒ इन्नभ॑न्तामन्य॒के स॑मे ॥
इन्द्राग्नी युवं सु नः सहन्ता दासथो रयिम् । येन दृळ्हा समत्स्वा वीळु चित्साहिषीमह्यग्निर्वनेव वात इन्नभन्तामन्यके समे ॥
indrāgnī yuvaṃ su naḥ sahantā dāsatho rayim | yena dṛḻhā samatsv ā vīḻu cit sāhiṣīmahy agnir vaneva vāta in nabhantām anyake same ||
English translation:
“Victorious Indra and Agni, bestow upon us riches whereby we may destroy our powerful enemies incombats as fire fanned by the wind consumes the forests; may all our adversaries perish.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhākaḥ kāṇvaḥ [nābhāka kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । यु॒वम् । सु । नः॒ । सह॑न्ता । दास॑थः । र॒यिम् । येन॑ । दृ॒ळ्हा । स॒मत्ऽसु॑ । आ । वी॒ळु । चि॒त् । स॒हि॒षी॒महि॑ । अ॒ग्निः । वना॑ऽइव । वाते॑ । इत् । नभ॑न्ताम् । अ॒न्य॒के । स॒मे॒ ॥
इन्द्राग्नी इति । युवम् । सु । नः । सहन्ता । दासथः । रयिम् । येन । दृळ्हा । समत्सु । आ । वीळु । चित् । सहिषीमहि । अग्निः । वनाइव । वाते । इत् । नभन्ताम् । अन्यके । समे ॥
indrāgnī iti | yuvam | su | naḥ | sahantā | dāsathaḥ | rayim | yena | dṛḷhā | samat-su | ā | vīḷu | cit | sahiṣīmahi | agniḥ | vanāiva | vāte | it | nabhantām | anyake | same
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.40.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], nominative, dual
“you.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“endure; overcome; habituate.”
[verb], dual, Aorist conj./subj.
“give; add; perform; put; administer; fill into; give; ignite; put on; offer; use; fuel; pour; grant; feed; teach; construct; insert; drip; wrap; pay; hand over; lend; inflict; concentrate; sacrifice; splint; poultice; create.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“wealth; property.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“hard; intense; firm; fixed; resolute; mesomorphic; grim; dṛḍha [word]; rainproof; sturdy; shut; firm; insoluble; strong; tough; tight.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“conflict; strife.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“hard; firm.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[verb], plural, Aorist optative
“endure; overcome; habituate.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“forest; wood; tree; grove; vana [word]; forest; brush.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“vāta; wind; fart; Vayu; air; draft; vāta [word]; Vāta; rheumatism; Marut.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[verb], plural, Present imperative
“burst.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“other; another(a).”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“like; like; alike(p); level; symmetrical; balanced; average; same; regular; impartial; imperturbable; even; sama [word]; every(a); accurate; identical; fair; equal; synonymous; changeless; whole; exact; calm; straight; even; wide.”