Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.38.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तो॒शासा॑ रथ॒यावा॑ना वृत्र॒हणाप॑राजिता । इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ तस्य॑ बोधतम् ॥
तोशासा रथयावाना वृत्रहणापराजिता । इन्द्राग्नी तस्य बोधतम् ॥
tośāsā rathayāvānā vṛtrahaṇāparājitā | indrāgnī tasya bodhatam ||
English translation:
“Destroyers (of foes), riding in one chariot, slayers of Vṛtra, invincible; hear, Indra and Agni, (the praise)of this (your worshipper).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśvaḥ [śyāvāśva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāgnī ;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
तो॒षासा॑ । र॒थ॒ऽयावा॑ना । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहना॑ । अप॑राऽजिता । इन्द्रा॑ग्नी॒ इति॑ । तस्य॑ । बो॒ध॒त॒म् ॥
तोषासा । रथयावाना । वृत्रहना । अपराजिता । इन्द्राग्नी इति । तस्य । बोधतम् ॥
toṣāsā | ratha-yāvānā | vṛtra-hanā | aparājitā | indrāgnī iti | tasya | bodhatam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.38.2 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
[noun], masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“traveler.”
[noun], masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“killing; curative; destroying; removing; māraka; stabbing.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“unbeaten; unexcelled.”
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”