Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.37.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒स्थावा॑ना यवयसि॒ त्वमेक॒ इच्छ॑चीपत॒ इन्द्र॒ विश्वा॑भिरू॒तिभि॑: । माध्यं॑दिनस्य॒ सव॑नस्य वृत्रहन्ननेद्य॒ पिबा॒ सोम॑स्य वज्रिवः ॥
सस्थावाना यवयसि त्वमेक इच्छचीपत इन्द्र विश्वाभिरूतिभिः । माध्यंदिनस्य सवनस्य वृत्रहन्ननेद्य पिबा सोमस्य वज्रिवः ॥
sasthāvānā yavayasi tvam eka ic chacīpata indra viśvābhir ūtibhiḥ | mādhyaṃdinasya savanasya vṛtrahann anedya pibā somasya vajrivaḥ ||

English translation:

“You alone, Indra, lord of rites, separate the combined worlds (heaven and earth) with all yourprotections; slayer of Vṛtra, irreproachable wielder of the thunderbolt, drink of the Soma at the mid-daysolemnity.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśvaḥ [śyāvāśva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

स॒ऽस्थावा॑ना । य॒व॒य॒सि॒ । त्वम् । एकः॑ । इत् । श॒ची॒ऽप॒ते॒ । इन्द्र॑ । विश्वा॑भिः । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । माध्य॑न्दिनस्य । सव॑नस्य । वृ॒त्र॒ऽह॒न् । अ॒ने॒द्य॒ । पिब॑ । सोम॑स्य । व॒ज्रि॒ऽवः॒ ॥
सस्थावाना । यवयसि । त्वम् । एकः । इत् । शचीपते । इन्द्र । विश्वाभिः । ऊतिभिः । माध्यन्दिनस्य । सवनस्य । वृत्रहन् । अनेद्य । पिब । सोमस्य । वज्रिवः ॥
sa-sthāvānā | yavayasi | tvam | ekaḥ | it | śacī-pate | indra | viśvābhiḥ | ūti-bh iḥ | mādhyandinasya | savanasya | vṛtra-han | anedya | piba | somasya | vajri-vaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.37.4 English analysis of grammar]

sasthāvānā < sasthāvan

[noun], accusative, dual, masculine

yavayasi < yavay < √yu

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“keep away; ward off.”

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

eka < ekaḥ < eka

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”

icchacīpata < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

icchacīpata < śacīpate < śacīpati

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

viśvābhir < viśvābhiḥ < viśva

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

ūtibhiḥ < ūti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

mādhyandinasya < mādhyaṃdina

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“midday.”

savanasya < savana

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”

vṛtrahann < vṛtrahan

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

anedya

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

pibā <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

somasya < soma

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

vajrivaḥ < vajrivas < vajrivat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

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