Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.37.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्रेदं ब्रह्म॑ वृत्र॒तूर्ये॑ष्वाविथ॒ प्र सु॑न्व॒तः श॑चीपत॒ इन्द्र॒ विश्वा॑भिरू॒तिभि॑: । माध्यं॑दिनस्य॒ सव॑नस्य वृत्रहन्ननेद्य॒ पिबा॒ सोम॑स्य वज्रिवः ॥
प्रेदं ब्रह्म वृत्रतूर्येष्वाविथ प्र सुन्वतः शचीपत इन्द्र विश्वाभिरूतिभिः । माध्यंदिनस्य सवनस्य वृत्रहन्ननेद्य पिबा सोमस्य वज्रिवः ॥
predam brahma vṛtratūryeṣv āvitha pra sunvataḥ śacīpata indra viśvābhir ūtibhiḥ | mādhyaṃdinasya savanasya vṛtrahann anedya pibā somasya vajrivaḥ ||

English translation:

“You protect, Indra, lord of rites, with all protections in combats with enemies, this sacrifice of him whooffers you the libations; slayer of Vṛtra, irreproachable wielder of the thunderbolt drink of the Soma at themid-day solemnity.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Who offers you the libation: brahma = brāhmaṇan; O Indra, protect these brāhmaṇas withall your protections in combats with enemies, (protect) those who offer you the libation

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśvaḥ [śyāvāśva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍatijagatī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । इ॒दम् । ब्रह्म॑ । वृ॒त्र॒ऽतूर्ये॑षु । आ॒वि॒थ॒ । प्र । सु॒न्व॒तः । श॒ची॒ऽप॒ते॒ । इन्द्र॑ । विश्वा॑भिः । ऊ॒तिऽभिः॑ । माध्य॑न्दिनस्य । सव॑नस्य । वृ॒त्र॒ऽह॒न् । अ॒ने॒द्य॒ । पिब॑ । सोम॑स्य । व॒ज्रि॒ऽवः॒ ॥
प्र । इदम् । ब्रह्म । वृत्रतूर्येषु । आविथ । प्र । सुन्वतः । शचीपते । इन्द्र । विश्वाभिः । ऊतिभिः । माध्यन्दिनस्य । सवनस्य । वृत्रहन् । अनेद्य । पिब । सोमस्य । वज्रिवः ॥
pra | idam | brahma | vṛtra-tūryeṣu | āvitha | pra | sunvataḥ | śacī-pate | indra | viśvābhiḥ | ūti-bhiḥ | mādhyandinasya | savanasya | vṛtra-han | anedya | piba | somasya | vajri-vaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.37.1 English analysis of grammar]

predam < pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

predam < idam

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

brahma < brahman

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”

vṛtratūryeṣv < vṛtratūryeṣu < vṛtratūrya

[noun], locative, plural, neuter

“battle.”

āvitha < av

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

sunvataḥ < su

[verb noun], accusative, plural

“press out; su.”

śacīpata < śacīpate < śacīpati

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

viśvābhir < viśvābhiḥ < viśva

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

ūtibhiḥ < ūti

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“aid; favor; ūti [word].”

mādhyandinasya < mādhyaṃdina

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“midday.”

savanasya < savana

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“yajña; savana [word]; Snāna; Soma sacrifice; press.”

vṛtrahann < vṛtrahan

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

anedya

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

pibā <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

somasya < soma

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

vajrivaḥ < vajrivas < vajrivat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

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