Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.35.18
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
धे॒नूर्जि॑न्वतमु॒त जि॑न्वतं॒ विशो॑ ह॒तं रक्षां॑सि॒ सेध॑त॒ममी॑वाः । स॒जोष॑सा उ॒षसा॒ सूर्ये॑ण च॒ सोमं॑ सुन्व॒तो अ॑श्विना ॥
धेनूर्जिन्वतमुत जिन्वतं विशो हतं रक्षांसि सेधतममीवाः । सजोषसा उषसा सूर्येण च सोमं सुन्वतो अश्विना ॥
dhenūr jinvatam uta jinvataṃ viśo hataṃ rakṣāṃsi sedhatam amīvāḥ | sajoṣasā uṣasā sūryeṇa ca somaṃ sunvato aśvinā ||
English translation:
“Be propitious to the kine, be propitious to the people, slay the rākṣasas, remedy diseases, united withthe dawn and with Sūrya, (drink), Aśvins, the Soma of the offerer.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Be propitious to the people: viśaḥ = thevaiśyas
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśvaḥ [śyāvāśva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
धे॒नूः । जि॒न्व॒त॒म् । उ॒त । जि॒न्व॒त॒म् । विशः॑ । ह॒तम् । रक्षां॑सि । सेध॑तम् । अमी॑वाः । स॒ऽजोष॑सौ । उ॒षसा॑ । सूर्ये॑ण । च॒ । सोम॑म् । पि॒ब॒त॒म् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ ॥
धेनूः । जिन्वतम् । उत । जिन्वतम् । विशः । हतम् । रक्षांसि । सेधतम् । अमीवाः । सजोषसौ । उषसा । सूर्येण । च । सोमम् । पिबतम् । अश्विना ॥
dhenūḥ | jinvatam | uta | jinvatam | viśaḥ | hatam | rakṣāṃsi | sedhatam | amīvāḥ | sa-joṣasau | uṣasā | sūryeṇa | ca | somam | pibatam | aśvinā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.35.18 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“enliven; animate.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“enliven; animate.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“Rākṣasa; Rakṣas; rakṣas [word].”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“chase away; repel.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“disease; affliction.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[verb noun], genitive, singular
“press out; su.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“Asvins; two.”