Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.35.17

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क्ष॒त्रं जि॑न्वतमु॒त जि॑न्वतं॒ नॄन्ह॒तं रक्षां॑सि॒ सेध॑त॒ममी॑वाः । स॒जोष॑सा उ॒षसा॒ सूर्ये॑ण च॒ सोमं॑ सुन्व॒तो अ॑श्विना ॥
क्षत्रं जिन्वतमुत जिन्वतं नॄन्हतं रक्षांसि सेधतममीवाः । सजोषसा उषसा सूर्येण च सोमं सुन्वतो अश्विना ॥
kṣatraṃ jinvatam uta jinvataṃ nṝn hataṃ rakṣāṃsi sedhatam amīvāḥ | sajoṣasā uṣasā sūryeṇa ca somaṃ sunvato aśvinā ||

English translation:

“Be propitious to the strong, be propitious to men, slay the rākṣasas, remedy diseases, united with thedawn and with Sūrya, (drink), Aśvins, the Soma of the offerer.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Be propitious to the strong: kṣatram jinvatamuta jinvatam nṛn: kṣatram = kṣatriyam;

Nṛn = yoddhā, warriors

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśvaḥ [śyāvāśva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

क्ष॒त्रम् । जि॒न्व॒त॒म् । उ॒त । जि॒न्व॒त॒म् । नॄन् । ह॒तम् । रक्षां॑सि । सेध॑तम् । अमी॑वाः । स॒ऽजोष॑सौ । उ॒षसा॑ । सूर्ये॑ण । च॒ । सोम॑म् । पि॒ब॒त॒म् । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ ॥
क्षत्रम् । जिन्वतम् । उत । जिन्वतम् । नॄन् । हतम् । रक्षांसि । सेधतम् । अमीवाः । सजोषसौ । उषसा । सूर्येण । च । सोमम् । पिबतम् । अश्विना ॥
kṣatram | jinvatam | uta | jinvatam | nṝn | hatam | rakṣāṃsi | sedhatam | amīvāḥ | sa-joṣasau | uṣasā | sūryeṇa | ca | somam | pibatam | aśvinā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.35.17 English analysis of grammar]

kṣatraṃ < kṣatram < kṣatra

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“Kshatriya; dominion; Kshatriya; kṣatra [word]; power.”

jinvatam < jinv

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“enliven; animate.”

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

jinvataṃ < jinvatam < jinv

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“enliven; animate.”

nṝn < nṛ

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

hataṃ < hatam < han

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”

rakṣāṃsi < rakṣas

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“Rākṣasa; Rakṣas; rakṣas [word].”

sedhatam < sidh

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“chase away; repel.”

amīvāḥ < amīvā

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“disease; affliction.”

sajoṣasā < sajoṣasau < sajoṣas

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”

uṣasā < uṣas

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”

sūryeṇa < sūrya

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

somaṃ < somam < soma

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”

sunvato < sunvataḥ < su

[verb noun], genitive, singular

“press out; su.”

aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

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