Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.25.19

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उदु॒ ष्य श॑र॒णे दि॒वो ज्योति॑रयंस्त॒ सूर्य॑: । अ॒ग्निर्न शु॒क्रः स॑मिधा॒न आहु॑तः ॥
उदु ष्य शरणे दिवो ज्योतिरयंस्त सूर्यः । अग्निर्न शुक्रः समिधान आहुतः ॥
ud u ṣya śaraṇe divo jyotir ayaṃsta sūryaḥ | agnir na śukraḥ samidhāna āhutaḥ ||

English translation:

“He, Sūrya, has uplifted his radiance in the region of the heaven; kindled and invoked withburnt-offerings, he is bright, like Agni.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sūrya = Mitra and Varuṇa; cf. ṛca 21

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): viśvamanā vaiyaśvaḥ [viśvamanā vaiyaśva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛduṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

उत् । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । स्यः । श॒र॒णे । दि॒वः । ज्योतिः॑ । अ॒यं॒स्त॒ । सूर्यः॑ । अ॒ग्निः । न । शु॒क्रः । स॒म्ऽइ॒धा॒नः । आऽहु॑तः ॥
उत् । ऊँ इति । स्यः । शरणे । दिवः । ज्योतिः । अयंस्त । सूर्यः । अग्निः । न । शुक्रः । सम्इधानः । आहुतः ॥
ut | oṃ iti | syaḥ | śaraṇe | divaḥ | jyotiḥ | ayaṃsta | sūryaḥ | agniḥ | na | śukraḥ | sam-idhānaḥ | āhutaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.25.19 English analysis of grammar]

ud

[adverb]

“up.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

ṣya < sya < tya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“that.”

śaraṇe < śaraṇa

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“refuge; safety; shelter; house; protection.”

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

jyotir < jyotiḥ < jyotis

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“light; star; luminosity; fire; jyotis [word]; digestion; planet; light; sunlight.”

ayaṃsta < yam

[verb], singular, Athematic s aor. (Ind.)

“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”

sūryaḥ < sūrya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

agnir < agniḥ < agni

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

śukraḥ < śukra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“bright; clear; white; light; pure.”

samidhāna < samidhānaḥ < samindh < √indh

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“kindle; blaze.”

āhutaḥ < āhu < √hu

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“sacrifice; sprinkle.”

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