Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.25.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋ॒तावा॑ना॒ नि षे॑दतु॒: साम्रा॑ज्याय सु॒क्रतू॑ । धृ॒तव्र॑ता क्ष॒त्रिया॑ क्ष॒त्रमा॑शतुः ॥
ऋतावाना नि षेदतुः साम्राज्याय सुक्रतू । धृतव्रता क्षत्रिया क्षत्रमाशतुः ॥
ṛtāvānā ni ṣedatuḥ sāmrājyāya sukratū | dhṛtavratā kṣatriyā kṣatram āśatuḥ ||
English translation:
“Observers of truth, doers of good deeds, they sit down for the office of sovereignty; observant ofobligations, endowed with strength, they acquire vigour.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Vigour: kṣatriyā kṣatram āśatuḥ = balavantau balamvyāpnutaḥ
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): viśvamanā vaiyaśvaḥ [viśvamanā vaiyaśva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛduṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऋत॒ऽवा॑ना । नि । से॒द॒तुः॒ । साम्ऽरा॑ज्याय । सु॒क्रतू॒ इति॑ सु॒ऽक्रतू॑ । धृ॒तऽव्र॑ता । क्ष॒त्रिया॑ । क्ष॒त्रम् । आ॒श॒तुः॒ ॥
ऋतवाना । नि । सेदतुः । साम्राज्याय । सुक्रतू इति सुक्रतू । धृतव्रता । क्षत्रिया । क्षत्रम् । आशतुः ॥
ṛta-vānā | ni | sedatuḥ | sām-rājyāya | sukratūitisu-kratū | dhṛta-vratā | kṣatriyā | kṣatram | āśatuḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.25.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“law-abiding; faithful; righteous.”
[adverb]
“back; down.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“sit down; break down; slow; sink; crumble; fracture; perish; ride; stop; besiege; tire.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
“dominion; kingship.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“yajña; decision; plan; deliberation; intelligence; Kratu; will; kratu [word]; desire; resoluteness; ritual.”
[verb noun]
“keep; put; hold; assume; wear; take; promise; stay; exist; hold; begin; dip.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[noun], nominative, dual, masculine
“Kshatriya.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“Kshatriya; dominion; Kshatriya; kṣatra [word]; power.”
[verb], dual, Perfect indicative
“get; reach; enter (a state).”