Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.23.18
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
विश्वे॒ हि त्वा॑ स॒जोष॑सो दे॒वासो॑ दू॒तमक्र॑त । श्रु॒ष्टी दे॑व प्रथ॒मो य॒ज्ञियो॑ भुवः ॥
विश्वे हि त्वा सजोषसो देवासो दूतमक्रत । श्रुष्टी देव प्रथमो यज्ञियो भुवः ॥
viśve hi tvā sajoṣaso devāso dūtam akrata | śruṣṭī deva prathamo yajñiyo bhuvaḥ ||
English translation:
“All the consentient gods have made you their messenger, may you, divine Agni, who are the first (of thedeities), quickly become the object of their worship.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
May you: may you quickly become worthy of the sacrifice,(as bearing our oblations to them)
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): viśvamanā vaiyaśvaḥ [viśvamanā vaiyaśva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): uṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
विश्वे॑ । हि । त्वा॒ । स॒ऽजोष॑सः । दे॒वासः॑ । दू॒तम् । अक्र॑त । श्रु॒ष्टी । दे॒व॒ । प्र॒थ॒मः । य॒ज्ञियः॑ । भु॒वः॒ ॥
विश्वे । हि । त्वा । सजोषसः । देवासः । दूतम् । अक्रत । श्रुष्टी । देव । प्रथमः । यज्ञियः । भुवः ॥
viśve | hi | tvā | sa-joṣasaḥ | devāsaḥ | dūtam | akrata | śruṣṭī | deva | prathamaḥ | yajñiyaḥ | bhuvaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.23.18 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“consentaneous; combined; associated; united.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”
[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sacrificial; divine; devoted.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”