Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.22.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वो रथ॑स्य॒ परि॑ च॒क्रमी॑यत ई॒र्मान्यद्वा॑मिषण्यति । अ॒स्माँ अच्छा॑ सुम॒तिर्वां॑ शुभस्पती॒ आ धे॒नुरि॑व धावतु ॥
युवो रथस्य परि चक्रमीयत ईर्मान्यद्वामिषण्यति । अस्माँ अच्छा सुमतिर्वां शुभस्पती आ धेनुरिव धावतु ॥
yuvo rathasya pari cakram īyata īrmānyad vām iṣaṇyati | asmām̐ acchā sumatir vāṃ śubhas patī ā dhenur iva dhāvatu ||
English translation:
“One of the wheels of your car moves in every direction; the other, impellers of actions, remains withyou; may your favour, lords of rain, hasten towards us as a cow (to her calf)!”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Impellers of actions: irmā =antaryā mitayā prerakau, urgers or impellers, by the property of internal influence or conscience; or, udakasyaprerayitārau, senders of water or rain
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sobhariḥ kāṇvaḥ [sobhari kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): sataḥpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यु॒वः । रथ॑स्य । परि॑ । च॒क्रम् । ई॒य॒ते॒ । ई॒र्मा । अ॒न्यत् । वा॒म् । इ॒ष॒ण्य॒ति॒ । अ॒स्मान् । अच्छ॑ । सु॒ऽम॒तिः । वा॒म् । शु॒भः॒ । प॒ती॒ इति॑ । आ । धे॒नुःऽइ॑व । धा॒व॒तु॒ ॥
युवः । रथस्य । परि । चक्रम् । ईयते । ईर्मा । अन्यत् । वाम् । इषण्यति । अस्मान् । अच्छ । सुमतिः । वाम् । शुभः । पती इति । आ । धेनुःइव । धावतु ॥
yuvaḥ | rathasya | pari | cakram | īyate | īrmā | anyat | vām | iṣaṇyati | asmān | accha | su-matiḥ | vām | śubhaḥ | patī iti | ā | dhenuḥ-iva | dhāvatu
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.22.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“wheel; Cakra; discus; army; cakra; oil mill; cakrikā; cakra; group.”
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr¦s. Passiv
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“foreleg.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[adverb]
“towards; accha [prefix].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“benevolence; favor; Sumati.”
[noun], genitive, dual
“you.”
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“husband; overlord; king; deity; īśvara; ruler; pati [word]; commanding officer; leader; owner; mayor; lord.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“run; run; wash.”