Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.21.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
जये॑म का॒रे पु॑रुहूत का॒रिणो॒ऽभि ति॑ष्ठेम दू॒ढ्य॑: । नृभि॑र्वृ॒त्रं ह॒न्याम॑ शूशु॒याम॒ चावे॑रिन्द्र॒ प्र णो॒ धिय॑: ॥
जयेम कारे पुरुहूत कारिणोऽभि तिष्ठेम दूढ्यः । नृभिर्वृत्रं हन्याम शूशुयाम चावेरिन्द्र प्र णो धियः ॥
jayema kāre puruhūta kāriṇo 'bhi tiṣṭhema dūḍhyaḥ | nṛbhir vṛtraṃ hanyāma śūśuyāma cāver indra pra ṇo dhiyaḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra, invoked of many, may we conquer in battle those contending against us; may we resist themalignant; may we, aided by the leaders (of rites, the Maruts), slay Vṛtra; may we be prosperous, and do youprotect our pious works.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Leaders of rites: nṛbhiḥ = wielders of weapons, āyudhanetṛbhiḥ;
Vṛtra = the enemy
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sobhariḥ kāṇvaḥ [sobhari kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
जये॑म । का॒रे । पु॒रु॒ऽहू॒त॒ । का॒रिणः॑ । अ॒भि । ति॒ष्ठे॒म॒ । दुः॒ऽध्यः॑ । नृऽभिः॑ । वृ॒त्रम् । ह॒न्याम॑ । शू॒शु॒याम॑ । च॒ । अवेः॑ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । प्र । नः॒ । धियः॑ ॥
जयेम । कारे । पुरुहूत । कारिणः । अभि । तिष्ठेम । दुःध्यः । नृभिः । वृत्रम् । हन्याम । शूशुयाम । च । अवेः । इन्द्र । प्र । नः । धियः ॥
jayema | kāre | puru-hūta | kāriṇaḥ | abhi | tiṣṭhema | duḥ-dhyaḥ | nṛ-bhiḥ | vṛtram | hanyāma | śūśuyāma | ca | aveḥ | indra | pra | naḥ | dhiyaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.21.12 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], plural, Present optative
“overcome; cure; win; conquer; control; win; succeed; remove; beat; govern; surpass; suppress.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“kāra [word]; writer; builder.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; Vishnu.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“causing; making; acting; performing; producing; doing.”
[adverb]
“towards; on.”
[verb], plural, Present optative
“stay; stand; situate; exist; [in]; resist; endure; put; soak; be; stop; adhere; get stale; concentrate; grow; trust; wake; consociate; last; dwell; lie; stand; stop.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“malevolent.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”
[verb], plural, Present optative
“kill; cure; māray; remove; destroy; hit; injure; damage; destroy; paralyze; hurt; forge; beat; cut off; stop; overwhelm; kick; hunt; affect; strike; hammer; love; obstruct; shoot.”
[verb], plural, Perfect optative
“swell; grow.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[verb], singular, Present optative
“support; help; prefer; prefer; like.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”