Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.21.2
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उप॑ त्वा॒ कर्म॑न्नू॒तये॒ स नो॒ युवो॒ग्रश्च॑क्राम॒ यो धृ॒षत् । त्वामिद्ध्य॑वि॒तारं॑ ववृ॒महे॒ सखा॑य इन्द्र सान॒सिम् ॥
उप त्वा कर्मन्नूतये स नो युवोग्रश्चक्राम यो धृषत् । त्वामिद्ध्यवितारं ववृमहे सखाय इन्द्र सानसिम् ॥
upa tvā karmann ūtaye sa no yuvograś cakrāma yo dhṛṣat | tvām id dhy avitāraṃ vavṛmahe sakhāya indra sānasim ||
English translation:
“We have recourse, Indra, to you for protection at sacred rites; may he who is ever young, fierce,resolute, come to us! We, your friends, Indra, rely upon you as our protector and benefactor.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sobhariḥ kāṇvaḥ [sobhari kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उप॑ । त्वा॒ । कर्म॑न् । ऊ॒तये॑ । सः । नः॒ । युवा॑ । उ॒ग्रः । च॒का॒म॒ । यः । धृ॒षत् । त्वाम् । इत् । हि । अ॒वि॒तार॑म् । व॒वृ॒महे॑ । सखा॑यः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । सा॒न॒सिम् ॥
उप । त्वा । कर्मन् । ऊतये । सः । नः । युवा । उग्रः । चकाम । यः । धृषत् । त्वाम् । इत् । हि । अवितारम् । ववृमहे । सखायः । इन्द्र । सानसिम् ॥
upa | tvā | karman | ūtaye | saḥ | naḥ | yuvā | ugraḥ | cakāma | yaḥ | dhṛṣat | tvām | it | hi | avitāram | vavṛmahe | sakhāyaḥ | indra | sānasim
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.21.2 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; on; next.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“action; saṃskāra; ritual; procedure; karman; treatment; object; function; production; job; operation; karman [word]; act; job; passive voice; activity; consequence; function; yajña; pañcakarman; cooking; occupation; profession; construction; duty; method; natural process; duty; therapy.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“aid; favor; ūti [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“young person; yuvan [word]; taruṇabandha; yuvan; yuvan; young buck; young.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“kram; step; go; continue; proceed; traverse; heat.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“who; which; yat [pronoun].”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“dare; attack.”
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“favorable.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“victorious.”