Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 8.19.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्जो नपा॑तं सु॒भगं॑ सु॒दीदि॑तिम॒ग्निं श्रेष्ठ॑शोचिषम् । स नो॑ मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्य॒ सो अ॒पामा सु॒म्नं य॑क्षते दि॒वि ॥
ऊर्जो नपातं सुभगं सुदीदितिमग्निं श्रेष्ठशोचिषम् । स नो मित्रस्य वरुणस्य सो अपामा सुम्नं यक्षते दिवि ॥
ūrjo napātaṃ subhagaṃ sudīditim agniṃ śreṣṭhaśociṣam | sa no mitrasya varuṇasya so apām ā sumnaṃ yakṣate divi ||
English translation:
“Agni, the great grandson of (sacrificial) food, the possessor of opulence, the illuminator, the shedder ofexcellent light; may he obtain for us by sacrifice the happiness in heaven (that is the gift) of Mitra, of Varuṇa, ofthe waters.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Sāmaveda replaces urjo napātam, with apām napātam: from burnt-offerings the rains aregenerated; from them timber; from timber, fire
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): sobhariḥ kāṇvaḥ [sobhari kāṇva];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛtpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ऊ॒र्जः । नपा॑तम् । सु॒ऽभग॑म् । सु॒ऽदीदि॑तिम् । अ॒ग्निम् । श्रेष्ठ॑ऽशोचिषम् । सः । नः॒ । मि॒त्रस्य॑ । वरु॑णस्य । सः । अ॒पाम् । आ । सु॒म्नम् । य॒क्ष॒ते॒ । दि॒वि ॥
ऊर्जः । नपातम् । सुभगम् । सुदीदितिम् । अग्निम् । श्रेष्ठशोचिषम् । सः । नः । मित्रस्य । वरुणस्य । सः । अपाम् । आ । सुम्नम् । यक्षते । दिवि ॥
ūrjaḥ | napātam | su-bhagam | su-dīditim | agnim | śreṣṭha-śociṣam | saḥ | naḥ | mitrasya | varuṇasya | saḥ | apām | ā | sumnam | yakṣate | divi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 8.19.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, singular, feminine
“strength; refreshment; vigor; food; strengthening.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“grandson; nephew; napāt [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“beautiful; auspicious; beloved; fine-looking; fortunate; subhaga [word]; charming; pleasing; lucky.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun]
“best; better; chief(a); beautiful.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; flare; burn; radiance.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], dative, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“favor; benevolence; sumna [word]; entreaty; favor.”
[verb], singular, Aorist conj./subj.
“sacrifice; worship; worship.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”