Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.18.14

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

समित्तम॒घम॑श्नवद्दु॒:शंसं॒ मर्त्यं॑ रि॒पुम् । यो अ॑स्म॒त्रा दु॒र्हणा॑वाँ॒ उप॑ द्व॒युः ॥
समित्तमघमश्नवद्दुःशंसं मर्त्यं रिपुम् । यो अस्मत्रा दुर्हणावाँ उप द्वयुः ॥
sam it tam agham aśnavad duḥśaṃsam martyaṃ ripum | yo asmatrā durhaṇāvām̐ upa dvayuḥ ||

English translation:

“May iniquity pervade hat calumniating and hostile mortal who wishes to do us harm, and is treacheroustowards us.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Treacherous: dvayu, double-- he who professes kindness to our face and maligns us behind ourback, prayakṣakṛto hitam vadati parokṣakṛtas tu ahitam

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): irimbiṭhiḥ kāṇvaḥ [irimbiṭhi kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ādityāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛduṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सम् । इत् । तम् । अ॒घम् । अ॒श्न॒व॒त् । दुः॒ऽशंस॑म् । मर्त्य॑म् । रि॒पुम् । यः । अ॒स्म॒ऽत्रा । दुः॒ऽहना॑वान् । उप॑ । द्व॒युः ॥
सम् । इत् । तम् । अघम् । अश्नवत् । दुःशंसम् । मर्त्यम् । रिपुम् । यः । अस्मत्रा । दुःहनावान् । उप । द्वयुः ॥
sam | it | tam | agham | aśnavat | duḥ-śaṃsam | martyam | ripum | yaḥ | asma-trā | duḥ-hanāvān | upa | dvayuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.18.14 English analysis of grammar]

sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

it < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

agham < agha

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“sin; evil; impurity; agha [word].”

aśnavad < aśnavat <

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“get; reach; enter (a state).”

duḥśaṃsam < duḥśaṃsa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“calumniatory; wicked.”

martyaṃ < martyam < martya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”

ripum < ripu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“punic; deceitful; unfriendly.”

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

asmatrā

[adverb]

durhaṇāvāṃ < durhaṇāvat

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

dvayuḥ < dvayu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

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