Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.14.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य॒ज्ञ इन्द्र॑मवर्धय॒द्यद्भूमिं॒ व्यव॑र्तयत् । च॒क्रा॒ण ओ॑प॒शं दि॒वि ॥
यज्ञ इन्द्रमवर्धयद्यद्भूमिं व्यवर्तयत् । चक्राण ओपशं दिवि ॥
yajña indram avardhayad yad bhūmiṃ vy avartayat | cakrāṇa opaśaṃ divi ||

English translation:

“Sacrifice has magnified Indra, so that he has supported the earth (with rain), making (the cloud)quiescent in the firmament.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Cakrāṇa opaśam divi = antarikṣe megham opaśam upetya śayānam kurvan

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): goṣūktyaśvasūktinau kāṇvāyanau;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛdgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य॒ज्ञः । इन्द्र॑म् । अ॒व॒र्ध॒य॒त् । यत् । भूमि॑म् । वि । अव॑र्तयत् । च॒क्रा॒णः । ओ॒प॒शम् । दि॒वि ॥
यज्ञः । इन्द्रम् । अवर्धयत् । यत् । भूमिम् । वि । अवर्तयत् । चक्राणः । ओपशम् । दिवि ॥
yajñaḥ | indram | avardhayat | yat | bhūmim | vi | avartayat | cakrāṇaḥ | opaśam | divi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.14.5 English analysis of grammar]

yajña < yajñaḥ < yajña

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

indram < indra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

avardhayad < avardhayat < vardhay < √vṛdh

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“increase; strengthen; promote; rear; add; greet; laud.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

bhūmiṃ < bhūmim < bhūmi

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“floor; earth; Earth; real property; region; pṛthivī; location; Earth; place; bhūja; floor; pit; bhūmi [word]; one; hole; shop; distance; country; space; land; territory; topographic point.”

vy < vi

[adverb]

“apart; away; away.”

avartayat < vartay < √vṛt

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“pound; tell; exist; bring; spill; mix; survive; melt; roll; explain; perform; turn; chop; sustain; spend; roll up; produce.”

cakrāṇa < cakrāṇaḥ < kṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

opaśaṃ < opaśam < opaśa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

divi < div

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

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