Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.12.26

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य॒दा वृ॒त्रं न॑दी॒वृतं॒ शव॑सा वज्रि॒न्नव॑धीः । आदित्ते॑ हर्य॒ता हरी॑ ववक्षतुः ॥
यदा वृत्रं नदीवृतं शवसा वज्रिन्नवधीः । आदित्ते हर्यता हरी ववक्षतुः ॥
yadā vṛtraṃ nadīvṛtaṃ śavasā vajrinn avadhīḥ | ād it te haryatā harī vavakṣatuḥ ||

English translation:

“When, thunderer, by your strength you did slay Vṛtra, the obstructer of the waters, then your belovedhorses bore you.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): parvataḥ kāṇvaḥ [parvata kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): uṣṇik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य॒दा । वृ॒त्रम् । न॒दी॒ऽवृत॑म् । शव॑सा । व॒ज्रि॒न् । अव॑धीः । आत् । इत् । ते॒ । ह॒र्य॒ता । हरी॒ इति॑ । व॒व॒क्ष॒तुः॒ ॥
यदा । वृत्रम् । नदीवृतम् । शवसा । वज्रिन् । अवधीः । आत् । इत् । ते । हर्यता । हरी इति । ववक्षतुः ॥
yadā | vṛtram | nadī-vṛtam | śavasā | vajrin | avadhīḥ | āt | it | te | haryatā | harī iti | vavakṣatuḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.12.26 English analysis of grammar]

yadā

[adverb]

“once [when]; if.”

vṛtraṃ < vṛtram < vṛtra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Vṛtra; vṛtra [word].”

nadīvṛtaṃ < nadīvṛtam < nadīvṛt

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

śavasā < śavas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

vajrinn < vajrin

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; vajra; Euphorbia neriifolia L.; abhra; Buddha.”

avadhīḥ < vadh

[verb], singular, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)

“kill; assail; kick; māray; destroy; beat.”

ād < āt

[adverb]

“then.”

it < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

haryatā < haryata

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“desirable; delightful.”

harī < hari

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“reddish brown; yellow; pale; yellow; aureate.”

vavakṣatuḥ < vakṣ

[verb], dual, Perfect indicative

“grow; grow.”

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