Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.10.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ययो॒रधि॒ प्र य॒ज्ञा अ॑सू॒रे सन्ति॑ सू॒रय॑: । ता य॒ज्ञस्या॑ध्व॒रस्य॒ प्रचे॑तसा स्व॒धाभि॒र्या पिब॑तः सो॒म्यं मधु॑ ॥
ययोरधि प्र यज्ञा असूरे सन्ति सूरयः । ता यज्ञस्याध्वरस्य प्रचेतसा स्वधाभिर्या पिबतः सोम्यं मधु ॥
yayor adhi pra yajñā asūre santi sūrayaḥ | tā yajñasyādhvarasya pracetasā svadhābhir yā pibataḥ somyam madhu ||

English translation:

“Upon whom (all) sacrifices are dependent, of whom there are worshippers in a plural ce where is noworship, those two familiar with undecaying sacrifices (I invoke) with praises, that you may drink the sweet Soma.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Upon whom: yayor adhi pra yajñāḥ aśvinor upari sarve yāgāḥ prabhavanti: the legend is that Aśvinsreplaced the head of the decapitated yajña (Taittirīya Saṃhitāa: 6.4.9.5);

Worshippers: asūre santisūrayaḥ stotr. rahite deśe yayoḥ stotāraḥ santi

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): pragāthaḥ kāṇvaḥ [pragātha kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): bhurikbṛhatī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

ययोः॑ । अधि॑ । प्र । य॒ज्ञाः । अ॒सू॒रे । सन्ति॑ । सू॒रयः॑ । ता । य॒ज्ञस्य॑ । अ॒ध्व॒रस्य॑ । प्रऽचे॑तसा । स्व॒धाभिः॑ । या । पिब॑तः । सो॒म्यम् । मधु॑ ॥
ययोः । अधि । प्र । यज्ञाः । असूरे । सन्ति । सूरयः । ता । यज्ञस्य । अध्वरस्य । प्रचेतसा । स्वधाभिः । या । पिबतः । सोम्यम् । मधु ॥
yayoḥ | adhi | pra | yajñāḥ | asūre | santi | sūrayaḥ | tā | yajñasya | adhvarasya | pra-cetasā | svadhābhiḥ | yā | pibataḥ | somyam | madhu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.10.4 English analysis of grammar]

yayor < yayoḥ < yad

[noun], genitive, dual, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

yajñā < yajñāḥ < yajña

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

asūre < asūra

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

santi < as

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

sūrayaḥ < sūri

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“patron.”

< tad

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

yajñasyādhvarasya < yajñasya < yajña

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

yajñasyādhvarasya < adhvarasya < adhvara

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

pracetasā < pracetas

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“intelligent; mindful; attentive; wise; apt; observant.”

svadhābhir < svadhābhiḥ < svadhā

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“free will; offering; libation; nature; svadhā [word]; comfort; power.”

< yad

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

pibataḥ <

[verb], dual, Present indikative

“drink; gulp; soak; drink; suck; inhale.”

somyam < somya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“saumya.”

madhu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

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