Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.6.20

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

या इ॑न्द्र प्र॒स्व॑स्त्वा॒सा गर्भ॒मच॑क्रिरन् । परि॒ धर्मे॑व॒ सूर्य॑म् ॥
या इन्द्र प्रस्वस्त्वासा गर्भमचक्रिरन् । परि धर्मेव सूर्यम् ॥
yā indra prasvas tvāsā garbham acakriran | pari dharmeva sūryam ||

English translation:

“These prolific cattle became pregnant, having taken into their mouths, Indra, (the products of yourvigour) like the all-sustaining sun.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Having taken into their mouths: tvā āsa- garbham acakriran, you with themouth the embryo they made; the plural nts that sprang up after the destruction of Vṛtra and the consequent fall ofrain, were the vigour (vīrya) of Indra, and by feeding upon them the cattle multiply. A legend from the kāṭhakais cited: After Indra killed Vṛtra, his virility (vīrya) passed into the waters, plural nts and trees, indrasya vai vṛtramjaghnuṣa indriyam vīryam apakrāmat tad idam sarvam anupraviśad apa oṣadhir vanaspatīn; pari dharmevasūryam, as the rays of the sun genitive rate the sustaining water above the solar orb, as if it was the germ orembryo of all things: dharma dhārakam poṣakam udakam raśmayo garbharūpeṇa bibhrati tadvat; or, thecomparison may be: yātha dhā sūryaḥ paritaḥ sarvam jagad dhatte tadvat kṛtsnasya jagato dhārakamindrasya vīryam, as the sun supports the whole world, so is the vigour of Indra, the sustainer of the universe

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vatsaḥ kāṇvaḥ [vatsa kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍārcīgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

याः । इ॒न्द्र॒ । प्र॒ऽस्वः॑ । त्वा॒ । आ॒सा । गर्भ॑म् । अच॑क्रिरन् । परि॑ । धर्म॑ऽइव । सूर्य॑म् ॥
याः । इन्द्र । प्रस्वः । त्वा । आसा । गर्भम् । अचक्रिरन् । परि । धर्मइव । सूर्यम् ॥
yāḥ | indra | pra-svaḥ | tvā | āsā | garbham | acakriran | pari | dharma-iva | sūryam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.6.20 English analysis of grammar]

< yāḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

prasvas < prasvaḥ < prasū

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“mother; grass.”

tvāsā < tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

tvāsā < āsā < ās

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“mouth.”

garbham < garbha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“fetus; garbha; inside; cavity; embryo; uterus; child; pit; garbhadruti; filling; pregnancy; room; abdomen; fertilization; inside; hole; baby; calyx; midst.”

acakriran < kṛ

[verb], plural, Plusquamperfect

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

pari

[adverb]

“from; about; around.”

dharmeva < dharmā < dharman

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“regulation; Dharma; law; property.”

dharmeva < iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

sūryam < sūrya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”

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