Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.4.16

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सं न॑: शिशीहि भु॒रिजो॑रिव क्षु॒रं रास्व॑ रा॒यो वि॑मोचन । त्वे तन्न॑: सु॒वेद॑मु॒स्रियं॒ वसु॒ यं त्वं हि॒नोषि॒ मर्त्य॑म् ॥
सं नः शिशीहि भुरिजोरिव क्षुरं रास्व रायो विमोचन । त्वे तन्नः सुवेदमुस्रियं वसु यं त्वं हिनोषि मर्त्यम् ॥
saṃ naḥ śiśīhi bhurijor iva kṣuraṃ rāsva rāyo vimocana | tve tan naḥ suvedam usriyaṃ vasu yaṃ tvaṃ hinoṣi martyam ||

English translation:

“Sharpen us like a razor in the hands (of a barber); grant us riches, liberator (from iniquity), the wealth ofcattle easily obtained by us from you, such wealth as you bestow upon the (pious) mortal.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Sam naḥ śiśīhibhurijor iva kṣuram = nāpitasya bāhvor iva sthitam kṣuram iva, like a razor plural ced as it were in the two armsof a barber

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): devātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [devātithi kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indraḥ pūṣā;
Chandas (meter): virāṭpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सम् । नः॒ । शि॒शी॒हि॒ । भु॒रिजोः॑ऽइव । क्षु॒रम् । रास्व॑ । रा॒यः । वि॒ऽमो॒च॒न॒ । त्वे इति॑ । तत् । नः॒ । सु॒ऽवेद॑म् । उ॒स्रिय॑म् । वसु॑ । यम् । त्वम् । हि॒नोषि॑ । मर्त्य॑म् ॥
सम् । नः । शिशीहि । भुरिजोःइव । क्षुरम् । रास्व । रायः । विमोचन । त्वे इति । तत् । नः । सुवेदम् । उस्रियम् । वसु । यम् । त्वम् । हिनोषि । मर्त्यम् ॥
sam | naḥ | śiśīhi | bhurijoḥ-iva | kṣuram | rāsva | rāyaḥ | vi-mocana | tve iti | tat | naḥ | su-vedam | usriyam | vasu | yam | tvam | hinoṣi | martyam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.4.16 English analysis of grammar]

saṃ < sam

[adverb]

“sam; together; together; saṃ.”

naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

śiśīhi < śā

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“sharpen; whet; strengthen.”

bhurijor < bhurijoḥ < bhurij

[noun], locative, dual, feminine

“arm.”

iva

[adverb]

“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”

kṣuraṃ < kṣuram < kṣura

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“razor; knife; munj; hoof.”

rāsva <

[verb], singular, Aorist imperative

“give; impart.”

rāyo < rāyaḥ < rai

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

vimocana

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

tve < tvad

[noun], locative, singular

“you.”

tan < tat < tad

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

naḥ < mad

[noun], genitive, plural

“I; mine.”

suvedam < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

suvedam < vedam < veda

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

usriyaṃ < usriyam < usriya

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“red.”

vasu

[noun], nominative, singular, neuter

“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

yaṃ < yam < yad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

tvaṃ < tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

hinoṣi < hi

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

martyam < martya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“man; people; martya [word]; Earth.”

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