Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.3.8

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒स्येदिन्द्रो॑ वावृधे॒ वृष्ण्यं॒ शवो॒ मदे॑ सु॒तस्य॒ विष्ण॑वि । अ॒द्या तम॑स्य महि॒मान॑मा॒यवोऽनु॑ ष्टुवन्ति पू॒र्वथा॑ ॥
अस्येदिन्द्रो वावृधे वृष्ण्यं शवो मदे सुतस्य विष्णवि । अद्या तमस्य महिमानमायवोऽनु ष्टुवन्ति पूर्वथा ॥
asyed indro vāvṛdhe vṛṣṇyaṃ śavo made sutasya viṣṇavi | adyā tam asya mahimānam āyavo 'nu ṣṭuvanti pūrvathā ||

English translation:

Indra augments the energy and the strength of this (his worshipper), when he exhilaration of the Somais diffused through his body; men celebrate in due order his might today as they did of old.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The reference is toan increase in the vigour of the yajamāna: asyaiva yajamānasya vīryam vardhayati; the incitement is appliedto Indra: somapānena matta indro yajamānasya balam vardhayatītyarthaḥ;

Viṣṇavi: an epithet of made:śarīravyāpake, diffused through the body; or, may be an equivalent of yajña, at sacrifice

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhyātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ [medhyātithi kāṇva];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒स्य । इत् । इन्द्रः॑ । व॒वृ॒धे॒ । वृष्ण्य॑म् । शवः॑ । मदे॑ । सु॒तस्य॑ । विष्ण॑वि । अ॒द्य । तम् । अ॒स्य॒ । म॒हि॒मान॑म् । आ॒यवः॑ । अनु॑ । स्तु॒व॒न्ति॒ । पू॒र्वऽथा॑ ॥
अस्य । इत् । इन्द्रः । ववृधे । वृष्ण्यम् । शवः । मदे । सुतस्य । विष्णवि । अद्य । तम् । अस्य । महिमानम् । आयवः । अनु । स्तुवन्ति । पूर्वथा ॥
asya | it | indraḥ | vavṛdhe | vṛṣṇyam | śavaḥ | made | sutasya | viṣṇavi | adya | tam | asya | mahimānam | āyavaḥ | anu | stuvanti | pūrva-thā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.3.8 English analysis of grammar]

asyed < asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

asyed < id

[adverb]

“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”

indro < indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

vāvṛdhe < vṛdh

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

vṛṣṇyaṃ < vṛṣṇyam < vṛṣṇya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

śavo < śavaḥ < śavas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

made < mada

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“drunkenness; mada; estrus; excitement; sexual arousal; alcohol; musth; mad; mada; ecstasy; pride; drink; joy; arrogance; vivification.”

sutasya < su

[verb noun], genitive, singular

“press out; su.”

viṣṇavi < viṣṇu

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“Vishnu; Krishna; Viṣṇu; Om; Shiva.”

adyā < adya

[adverb]

“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

mahimānam < mahiman

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“greatness; power; mahiman.”

āyavo < āyavaḥ < āyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

'nu < anu

[adverb]

“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”

ṣṭuvanti < stuvanti < stu

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“laud; praise; declare; stu.”

pūrvathā

[adverb]

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