Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.2.40

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒त्था धीव॑न्तमद्रिवः का॒ण्वं मेध्या॑तिथिम् । मे॒षो भू॒तो॒३॒॑ऽभि यन्नय॑: ॥
इत्था धीवन्तमद्रिवः काण्वं मेध्यातिथिम् । मेषो भूतोऽभि यन्नयः ॥
itthā dhīvantam adrivaḥ kāṇvam medhyātithim | meṣo bhūto 'bhi yann ayaḥ ||

English translation:

“You, thunderer, approaching in the form of a ram, have come to Medhyātithi, one of the race ofKaṇva, thus propitiating you.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

In the form of a ram: Ṣaḍviṃśā Brāhmaṇa 1.1: the legend is also found inBāṣkala Upaniṣad; have come to: or, did carry off, ayaḥ = agamayaḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): medhātithiḥ kāṇvaḥ priyamedhaścāṅgirasaḥ [medhātithi kāṇva priyamedhaścāṅgirasa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāḍārṣīgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒त्था । धीऽव॑न्तम् । अ॒द्रि॒ऽवः॒ । का॒ण्वम् । मेध्य॑ऽअतिथिम् । मे॒षः । भू॒तः । अ॒भि । यन् । अयः॑ ॥
इत्था । धीवन्तम् । अद्रिवः । काण्वम् । मेध्यअतिथिम् । मेषः । भूतः । अभि । यन् । अयः ॥
itthā | dhī-vantam | adri-vaḥ | kāṇvam | medhya-atithim | meṣaḥ | bhūtaḥ | abhi | yan | ayaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.2.40 English analysis of grammar]

itthā

[adverb]

“thus; here.”

dhīvantam < dhīvat

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“religious.”

adrivaḥ < adrivas < adrivat

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“rocky; petrous.”

kāṇvam < kāṇva

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

medhyātithim < medhyātithi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Kaṇva.”

meṣo < meṣaḥ < meṣa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“sheep; ram; Naigameṣa.”

bhūto < bhūtaḥ < bhū

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

'bhi < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

yann < yan < i

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

ayaḥ < i

[verb], singular, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

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