Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 7.95.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र क्षोद॑सा॒ धाय॑सा सस्र ए॒षा सर॑स्वती ध॒रुण॒माय॑सी॒ पूः । प्र॒बाब॑धाना र॒थ्ये॑व याति॒ विश्वा॑ अ॒पो म॑हि॒ना सिन्धु॑र॒न्याः ॥
प्र क्षोदसा धायसा सस्र एषा सरस्वती धरुणमायसी पूः । प्रबाबधाना रथ्येव याति विश्वा अपो महिना सिन्धुरन्याः ॥
pra kṣodasā dhāyasā sasra eṣā sarasvatī dharuṇam āyasī pūḥ | prabābadhānā rathyeva yāti viśvā apo mahinā sindhur anyāḥ ||
English translation:
“This Sarasvatī, firm as a city made of metal, flows rapidly with all sustaining water, sweeping away inits might all other waters, as a charioteer (clears the road).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Firm as a city: dharuṇam āyasi pūḥ = ayasanirmita purīva;
Dharuṇam = dharuṇa, dhārayitrī, supporter
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): sarasvatī;
Chandas (meter): pādanicṛtatriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
प्र । क्षोद॑सा । धाय॑सा । स॒स्रे॒ । ए॒षा । सर॑स्वती । ध॒रुण॑म् । आय॑सी । पूः । प्र॒ऽबाब॑धाना । र॒थ्या॑ऽइव । या॒ति॒ । विश्वाः॑ । अ॒पः । म॒हि॒ना । सिन्धुः॑ । अ॒न्याः ॥
प्र । क्षोदसा । धायसा । सस्रे । एषा । सरस्वती । धरुणम् । आयसी । पूः । प्रबाबधाना । रथ्याइव । याति । विश्वाः । अपः । महिना । सिन्धुः । अन्याः ॥
pra | kṣodasā | dhāyasā | sasre | eṣā | sarasvatī | dharuṇam | āyasī | pūḥ | pra-bābadhānā | rathyāiva | yāti | viśvāḥ | apaḥ | mahinā | sindhuḥ | anyāḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 7.95.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“swell.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“alimentary; sustaining.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“sṛ; liquefy; run; spread; stretch out.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); etad [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Sarasvati; Sarasvatī; language; voice; speech; eloquence; balloon vine; river.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“prop; foundation.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“iron; metallic.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“fortress; pur [word]; town; purā [indecl.]; mahant.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“road; way; highway.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“greatness; enormousness.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“other; another(a); remaining; different; anya [word]; other than; more(a); fresh; any(a).”