Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 7.91.5
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि॒यु॒वा॒ना नि॒युत॑: स्पा॒र्हवी॑रा॒ इन्द्र॑वायू स॒रथं॑ यातम॒र्वाक् । इ॒दं हि वां॒ प्रभृ॑तं॒ मध्वो॒ अग्र॒मध॑ प्रीणा॒ना वि मु॑मुक्तम॒स्मे ॥
नियुवाना नियुतः स्पार्हवीरा इन्द्रवायू सरथं यातमर्वाक् । इदं हि वां प्रभृतं मध्वो अग्रमध प्रीणाना वि मुमुक्तमस्मे ॥
niyuvānā niyutaḥ spārhavīrā indravāyū sarathaṃ yātam arvāk | idaṃ hi vām prabhṛtam madhvo agram adha prīṇānā vi mumuktam asme ||
English translation:
“Harnessing the Niyuts, whom the devout (worshippers) desire, to your common car, come, Indra andVāyu, hither; this the first (cup) of the sweet Soma is prepared for you; and then, delighted (by the draught),liberate us (from sin).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Whom the devout worshipers desire: or, whose worshippers are objects of desire,spṛhaṇīyastotṛkān
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indravāyū ;
Chandas (meter): ārṣītriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
नि॒ऽयु॒वा॒ना । नि॒ऽयुतः॑ । स्पा॒र्हऽवी॑राः । इन्द्र॑वायू॒ इति॑ । स॒ऽरथ॑म् । या॒त॒म् । अ॒र्वाक् । इ॒दम् । हि । वा॒म् । प्रऽभृ॑तम् । मध्वः॑ । अग्र॑म् । अध॑ । प्री॒णा॒ना । वि । मु॒मु॒क्त॒म् । अ॒स्मे इति॑ ॥
नियुवाना । नियुतः । स्पार्हवीराः । इन्द्रवायू इति । सरथम् । यातम् । अर्वाक् । इदम् । हि । वाम् । प्रभृतम् । मध्वः । अग्रम् । अध । प्रीणाना । वि । मुमुक्तम् । अस्मे इति ॥
ni-yuvānā | ni-yutaḥ | spārha-vīrāḥ | indravāyūiti | sa-ratham | yātam | avārk | idam | hi | vām | pra-bhṛtam | madhvaḥ | agram | adha | prīṇānā | vi | mumuktam | asme iti
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 7.91.5 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“harness.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“gift; team.”
[noun]
“desirable.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”
[noun], masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], vocative, dual, masculine
“wind; Vayu; vāta; prāṇa (coll.); air; air; fart; breath; northwest; draft; vāyu [word]; Vāyu; Marut.”
[adverb]
“with; little; together.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[verb], dual, Present imperative
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[adverb]
“here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[adverb]
“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”
[noun], dative, dual
“you.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“delight; gladden; satisfy; nutrify; comfort.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], dual, Perfect imperative
“liberate; emit; get rid of; shoot; release; put; tousle; secrete; fill into; shoot; spill; lose; ejaculate; exclude; free; remove; loosen; let go of; add; shed; want; save; defecate; heal; fart; open; abandon; discard; precipitate; reject; lay; unleash; exhale; discharge.”
[noun], locative, plural
“I; mine.”