Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.88.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ यद्रु॒हाव॒ वरु॑णश्च॒ नावं॒ प्र यत्स॑मु॒द्रमी॒रया॑व॒ मध्य॑म् । अधि॒ यद॒पां स्नुभि॒श्चरा॑व॒ प्र प्रे॒ङ्ख ई॑ङ्खयावहै शु॒भे कम् ॥
आ यद्रुहाव वरुणश्च नावं प्र यत्समुद्रमीरयाव मध्यम् । अधि यदपां स्नुभिश्चराव प्र प्रेङ्ख ईङ्खयावहै शुभे कम् ॥
ā yad ruhāva varuṇaś ca nāvam pra yat samudram īrayāva madhyam | adhi yad apāṃ snubhiś carāva pra preṅkha īṅkhayāvahai śubhe kam ||

English translation:

“When (I, Vasiṣṭha) and Varuṇa ascend the ship together when we send it forth into the midst of theocean, when we proceed over the waters with swift (sailing vessels), then may we both undulate happily in theprosperous swing.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

With swift sailing vessels: snubhis' carāva gantrībhir naubhiḥ: with going, viz., ships; thenmay we both undulate: pra preṅkha īṅkhayāvahai śubhe kam: preṅkhe naurūpāyām dolāyām evapreṅkhayāvahai nimnonnatais taraṅgair itas' cetaśca pravicalantau saṅkrīḍāvahai, let us both sport, beingtossed here and there by the up and down waves, as it were in a swing, in the form of a ship

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

आ । यत् । रु॒हाव॑ । वरु॑णः । च॒ । नाव॑म् । प्र । यत् । स॒मु॒द्रम् । ई॒रया॑व । मध्य॑म् । अधि॑ । यत् । अ॒पाम् । स्नुऽभिः॑ । चरा॑व । प्र । प्र॒ऽई॒ङ्खे । ई॒ङ्ख॒या॒व॒है॒ । शु॒भे । कम् ॥
आ । यत् । रुहाव । वरुणः । च । नावम् । प्र । यत् । समुद्रम् । ईरयाव । मध्यम् । अधि । यत् । अपाम् । स्नुभिः । चराव । प्र । प्रईङ्खे । ईङ्खयावहै । शुभे । कम् ॥
ā | yat | ruhāva | varuṇaḥ | ca | nāvam | pra | yat | samudram | īrayāva | madhyam | adhi | yat | apām | snu-bhiḥ | carāva | pra | pra-īṅkhe | īṅkhayāvahai | śubhe | kam

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.88.3 English analysis of grammar]

ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

ruhāva < ruh

[verb], dual, Aorist conj./subj.

“heal; grow; cicatrize; climb; board; ascend; grow.”

varuṇaś < varuṇaḥ < varuṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”

ca

[adverb]

“and; besides; then; now; even.”

nāvam < nau

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“ship; boat; nau [word].”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

samudram < samudra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“ocean; Samudra; sea; samudra [word]; four.”

īrayāva < īray < √īr

[verb], dual, Present imperative

“name; describe; propel; shoot; state; call; raise; expel; tell; enumerate.”

madhyam < madhya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“intermediate; central; average; normal; middle; madhya [word].”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

yad < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

apāṃ < apām < ap

[noun], genitive, plural, feminine

“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”

snubhiś < snubhiḥ < snu

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“back.”

carāva < car

[verb], dual, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

“car; wander; perform; travel; bore; produce; make; dwell; dig; act; observe; enter (a state); observe; cause; crop; behave; practice; heed; process; administer.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

preṅkha < preṅkhe < preṅkha

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“swing.”

īṅkhayāvahai < īṅkhay < √īṅkh

[verb], dual, Present conjunctive (subjunctive)

śubhe < śubh

[verb noun]

“look; shine; beautify.”

kam < kaṃ

[adverb]

“kaṃ [word].”

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