Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 7.79.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
व्यु१॒॑षा आ॑वः प॒थ्या॒३॒॑ जना॑नां॒ पञ्च॑ क्षि॒तीर्मानु॑षीर्बो॒धय॑न्ती । सु॒सं॒दृग्भि॑रु॒क्षभि॑र्भा॒नुम॑श्रे॒द्वि सूर्यो॒ रोद॑सी॒ चक्ष॑सावः ॥
व्युषा आवः पथ्या जनानां पञ्च क्षितीर्मानुषीर्बोधयन्ती । सुसंदृग्भिरुक्षभिर्भानुमश्रेद्वि सूर्यो रोदसी चक्षसावः ॥
vy uṣā āvaḥ pathyā janānām pañca kṣitīr mānuṣīr bodhayantī | susaṃdṛgbhir ukṣabhir bhānum aśred vi sūryo rodasī cakṣasāvaḥ ||
English translation:
“Uṣas has dawned upon the paths of men, awaking the five classes of human beings; she has shedlight with her lustrous oxen; the sun makes heaven and earth manifest with radiance.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Upon the paths: pahyājanānām: pathyā is taken as a nominative sing. agreeing with Uṣas: janānām sarvaprāṇinām pathyā+ pathihitā uṣaḥ; or, janānām hitāya, i.e. Uṣas had dawned beneficial on the path of men, or for the welfare ofmen; she had shed light: bhānum aśret: she has resorted to the sun
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वि । उ॒षाः । आ॒वः॒ । प॒थ्या॑ । जना॑नाम् । पञ्च॑ । क्षि॒तीः । मानु॑षीः । बो॒धय॑न्ती । सु॒स॒न्दृक्ऽभिः॑ । उ॒क्षऽभिः॑ । भा॒नुम् । अ॒श्रे॒त् । वि । सूर्यः॑ । रोद॑सी॒ इति॑ । चक्ष॑सा । आ॒व॒रित्या॑वः ॥
वि । उषाः । आवः । पथ्या । जनानाम् । पञ्च । क्षितीः । मानुषीः । बोधयन्ती । सुसन्दृक्भिः । उक्षभिः । भानुम् । अश्रेत् । वि । सूर्यः । रोदसी इति । चक्षसा । आवरित्यावः ॥
vi | uṣāḥ | āvaḥ | pathyā | janānām | pañca | kṣitīḥ | mānuṣīḥ | bodhayantī | susandṛk-bhiḥ | ukṣa-bhiḥ | bhānum | aśret | vi | sūryaḥ | rodasī iti | cakṣasā | āvar ity āvaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 7.79.1 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“Terminalia chebula Retz.; path; Pathyā; way.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“five; fifth; pañcan [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī; people; dwelling; battlefield; Earth; estate; colony; house.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“human.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“awaken; ignite; advise; admonish; communicate.”
[adverb]
“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“appearance; view; view.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“bull; ukṣan [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sunbeam; beam; luminosity; copper; light; twelve; appearance; Bhānu; flare.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“situate; dwell; go; lurk; reach; rear; repose; cling to.”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], accusative, dual, feminine
“heaven and earth; Earth.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“eye; look; radiance.”
[verb], singular, Root aorist (Ind.)
“surround; accompany; cover; cover; obstruct; check; spread; envelop.”