Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.42.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र ब्र॒ह्माणो॒ अङ्गि॑रसो नक्षन्त॒ प्र क्र॑न्द॒नुर्न॑भ॒न्य॑स्य वेतु । प्र धे॒नव॑ उद॒प्रुतो॑ नवन्त यु॒ज्याता॒मद्री॑ अध्व॒रस्य॒ पेश॑: ॥
प्र ब्रह्माणो अङ्गिरसो नक्षन्त प्र क्रन्दनुर्नभन्यस्य वेतु । प्र धेनव उदप्रुतो नवन्त युज्यातामद्री अध्वरस्य पेशः ॥
pra brahmāṇo aṅgiraso nakṣanta pra krandanur nabhanyasya vetu | pra dhenava udapruto navanta yujyātām adrī adhvarasya peśaḥ ||

English translation:

“May the brāhmaṇas, the Aṅgirasas, be everywhere present; may Krandanu be conscious of (our)adoration; may the rivers glide along, distributing water; may the pious couple (the yajamāna and his wife),conjointly appreciate the beauty of the sacrifice.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Krandanu = Parjanya; the rivers: dhenavaḥ = nadyaḥ,consistent with the phrase udapruto navantaḥ

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । ब्र॒ह्माणः॑ । अङ्गि॑रसः । न॒क्ष॒न्त॒ । प्र । क्र॒न्द॒नुः । न॒भ॒न्य॑स्य । वे॒तु॒ । प्र । धे॒नवः॑ । उ॒द॒ऽप्रुतः॑ । न॒व॒न्त॒ । यु॒ज्याता॑म् । अद्री॒ इति॑ । अ॒ध्व॒रस्य॑ । पेशः॑ ॥
प्र । ब्रह्माणः । अङ्गिरसः । नक्षन्त । प्र । क्रन्दनुः । नभन्यस्य । वेतु । प्र । धेनवः । उदप्रुतः । नवन्त । युज्याताम् । अद्री इति । अध्वरस्य । पेशः ॥
pra | brahmāṇaḥ | aṅgirasaḥ | nakṣanta | pra | krandanuḥ | nabhanyasya | vetu | pra | dhenavaḥ | uda-prutaḥ | navanta | yujyātām | adrī iti | adhvarasya | peśaḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.42.1 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

brahmāṇo < brahmāṇaḥ < brahman

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Brahma; Brahmin; dhak; Brahman; brahman [word]; Brahman; Brahmin; Brahmapurāṇa; Vishnu; Brihaspati.”

aṅgiraso < aṅgirasaḥ < aṅgiras

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Aṅgiras; Aṅgiras; Brahman; Atharva-Veda; aṅgiras [word]; Aṅgiras.”

nakṣanta < nakṣ

[verb], plural, Present injunctive

“reach; approach.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

krandanur < krandanuḥ < krandanu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

nabhanyasya < nabhanya

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

vetu <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“approach; ask; desire; go; drive.”

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

dhenava < dhenavaḥ < dhenu

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“cow; dhenu [word]; milk.”

udapruto < uda

[noun], neuter

“water.”

udapruto < prutaḥ < prut

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

navanta <

[verb], plural, Present injunctive

“praise; shout.”

yujyātām < yuj

[verb], dual, Aorist optative

“mix; use; endow; yoke; accompany; to practice Yoga; connect; hire; administer; compound; affect; add; concentrate; unite; join; prosecute; combine; supply; compound; attach to; appoint; fill; process; mobilize; mount; complement; eat; join; treat; coincide; affect; challenge.”

adrī < adri

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“mountain; rock; seven; stone; adri; grindstone; adri; rock.”

adhvarasya < adhvara

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“yajña; ceremony; adhvara [word].”

peśaḥ < peśas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“decoration; shape.”

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