Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.38.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि ये मि॒थो व॒नुष॒: सप॑न्ते रा॒तिं दि॒वो रा॑ति॒षाच॑: पृथि॒व्याः । अहि॑र्बु॒ध्न्य॑ उ॒त न॑: शृणोतु॒ वरू॒त्र्येक॑धेनुभि॒र्नि पा॑तु ॥
अभि ये मिथो वनुषः सपन्ते रातिं दिवो रातिषाचः पृथिव्याः । अहिर्बुध्न्य उत नः शृणोतु वरूत्र्येकधेनुभिर्नि पातु ॥
abhi ye mitho vanuṣaḥ sapante rātiṃ divo rātiṣācaḥ pṛthivyāḥ | ahir budhnya uta naḥ śṛṇotu varūtry ekadhenubhir ni pātu ||

English translation:

“Whom those solicitous for wealth those enjoying (it), mutually worship, the benefactor of heaven andearth; may Ahirbudhnya hear us; may the protectress (the goddess of speech), cherish us with excellen cattle.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Ahirbudhnya = a name of Agni, of the middle region or firmament; the protectress: varutra = vāgdevatā

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): savitā ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अ॒भि । ये । मि॒थः । व॒नुषः॑ । सप॑न्ते । रा॒तिम् दि॒वः । रा॒ति॒ऽसाचः॑ । पृ॒थि॒व्याः । अहिः॑ । बु॒ध्न्यः॑ । उ॒त । नः॒ । शृ॒णो॒तु॒ । वरू॑त्री । एक॑धेनुऽभिः । नि । पा॒तु॒ ॥
अभि । ये । मिथः । वनुषः । सपन्ते । रातिम् दिवः । रातिसाचः । पृथिव्याः । अहिः । बुध्न्यः । उत । नः । शृणोतु । वरूत्री । एकधेनुभिः । नि । पातु ॥
abhi | ye | mithaḥ | vanuṣaḥ | sapante | rātim divaḥ | rāti-sācaḥ | pṛthivyāḥ | ahiḥ | budhnyaḥ | uta | naḥ | śṛṇotu | varūtrī | ekadhenu-bhiḥ | ni | pātu

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.38.5 English analysis of grammar]

abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

mitho < mithas

[adverb]

“together; mutually; alternately.”

vanuṣaḥ < vanus

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“unfriendly; competing(a).”

sapante < sap

[verb], plural, Present indikative

rātiṃ < rātim < rāti

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“gift; bounty; favor.”

divo < divaḥ < div

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”

rātiṣācaḥ < rātiṣāc

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

pṛthivyāḥ < pṛthivī

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

ahir < ahiḥ < ahi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

budhnya < budhnyaḥ < budhnya

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

uta

[adverb]

“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”

naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

śṛṇotu < śru

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“listen; come to know; hear; hear; listen; study; heed; learn.”

varūtry < varūtrī < varūtṛ

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“varūtṛ [word].”

ekadhenubhir < ekadhenubhiḥ < ekadhenu

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

pātu <

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“protect; govern.”

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