Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.33.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

जुष्टी॑ नरो॒ ब्रह्म॑णा वः पितॄ॒णामक्ष॑मव्ययं॒ न किला॑ रिषाथ । यच्छक्व॑रीषु बृह॒ता रवे॒णेन्द्रे॒ शुष्म॒मद॑धाता वसिष्ठाः ॥
जुष्टी नरो ब्रह्मणा वः पितॄणामक्षमव्ययं न किला रिषाथ । यच्छक्वरीषु बृहता रवेणेन्द्रे शुष्ममदधाता वसिष्ठाः ॥
juṣṭī naro brahmaṇā vaḥ pitṝṇām akṣam avyayaṃ na kilā riṣātha | yac chakvarīṣu bṛhatā raveṇendre śuṣmam adadhātā vasiṣṭhāḥ ||

English translation:

“By your prayers, leaders (of rites), is effected the gratificcation of your progenitors; I have set in motionthe axle (of the chariot); be no you intert, for by your sacred metres, Vasiṣṭhas, (chanted) with a loud voice, yousustain vigour in Inda.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Of your rogenitors: pitṛṇām, in the genitive, plural used honorifically, implying father, i.e.Vasiṣṭha; I have set in motion: akṣam avyayam = rathasya akṣam avyayāmi, cālayāmi, I cause to move theaxle of the car, ascribing the words to Vasiṣṭha, as announcing his intention to return to his hermitage

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaputrāḥ;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ta eva ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

जुष्टी॑ । न॒रः॒ । ब्रह्म॑णा । वः॒ । पि॒तॄ॒णाम् । अक्ष॑म् । अ॒व्य॒य॒म् । न । किल॑ । रि॒षा॒थ॒ । यत् । शक्व॑रीषु । बृ॒ह॒ता । रवे॑ण । इन्द्रे॑ । शुष्म॑म् । अद॑धात । व॒सि॒ष्ठाः॒ ॥
जुष्टी । नरः । ब्रह्मणा । वः । पितॄणाम् । अक्षम् । अव्ययम् । न । किल । रिषाथ । यत् । शक्वरीषु । बृहता । रवेण । इन्द्रे । शुष्मम् । अदधात । वसिष्ठाः ॥
juṣṭī | naraḥ | brahmaṇā | vaḥ | pitṝṇām | akṣam | avyayam | na | kila | riṣātha | yat | śakvarīṣu | bṛhatā | raveṇa | indre | śuṣmam | adadhāta | vasiṣṭhāḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.33.4 English analysis of grammar]

juṣṭī < juṣṭi

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“satisfaction; enjoyment.”

naro < naraḥ < nṛ

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“man; man; nṛ [word]; crew; masculine.”

brahmaṇā < brahman

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“brahman; mantra; prayer; spell; Veda; Brahmin; sacred text; final emancipation; hymn; brahman [word]; Brāhmaṇa; study.”

vaḥ < tvad

[noun], genitive, plural

“you.”

pitṝṇām < pitṛ

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”

akṣam < akṣa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“axle.”

avyayaṃ < avyayam < vye

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“cover.”

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

kilā < kila

[adverb]

“assuredly; indeed; kila [indecl.].”

riṣātha < riṣ

[verb], plural, Aorist conj./subj.

“suffer; harm.”

yacchakvarīṣu < yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

yacchakvarīṣu < śakvarīṣu < śakvarī

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

bṛhatā < bṛhat

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

raveṇendre < raveṇa < rava

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“sound; howl; thunder; cry; talk; cry.”

raveṇendre < indre < indra

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

śuṣmam < śuṣma

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“vigor; energy; fire; hiss; courage.”

adadhātā < adadhāta < dhā

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

vasiṣṭhāḥ < vasiṣṭha

[noun], vocative, plural, masculine

“Vasiṣṭha; vasiṣṭha [word].”

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