Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.21.9

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सखा॑यस्त इन्द्र वि॒श्वह॑ स्याम नमोवृ॒धासो॑ महि॒ना त॑रुत्र । व॒न्वन्तु॑ स्मा॒ तेऽव॑सा समी॒के॒३॒॑ऽभी॑तिम॒र्यो व॒नुषां॒ शवां॑सि ॥
सखायस्त इन्द्र विश्वह स्याम नमोवृधासो महिना तरुत्र । वन्वन्तु स्मा तेऽवसा समीकेऽभीतिमर्यो वनुषां शवांसि ॥
sakhāyas ta indra viśvaha syāma namovṛdhāso mahinā tarutra | vanvantu smā te 'vasā samīke 'bhītim aryo vanuṣāṃ śavāṃsi ||

English translation:

“May we, daily increasing in reverence, be (regarded), Indra, (as) your friends; through the protection ofyou, surpasser in greatness, may (your worshippers) repulse the attack of the foe in battle, the strength of themalevolent.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

सखा॑यः । ते॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । वि॒श्वह॑ । स्या॒म॒ । न॒मः॒ऽवृ॒धासः॑ । म॒हि॒ना । त॒रु॒त्र॒ । व॒न्वन्तु॑ । स्म॒ । ते॒ । अव॑सा । स॒मी॒के । अ॒भिऽइ॑तिम् । अ॒र्यः । व॒नुषा॑म् । शवां॑सि ॥
सखायः । ते । इन्द्र । विश्वह । स्याम । नमःवृधासः । महिना । तरुत्र । वन्वन्तु । स्म । ते । अवसा । समीके । अभिइतिम् । अर्यः । वनुषाम् । शवांसि ॥
sakhāyaḥ | te | indra | viśvaha | syāma | namaḥ-vṛdhāsaḥ | mahinā | tarutra | vanvantu | sma | te | avasā | samīke | abhi-itim | aryaḥ | vanuṣām | śavāṃsi

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.21.9 English analysis of grammar]

sakhāyas < sakhāyaḥ < sakhi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”

ta < te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

viśvaha

[adverb]

syāma < as

[verb], plural, Present optative

“be; exist; become; originate; happen; result; be; dwell; be born; stay; be; equal; exist; transform.”

namovṛdhāso < namaḥ < namas

[noun], neuter

“adoration; court; namas [word]; bow; salute.”

namovṛdhāso < vṛdhāsaḥ < vṛdha

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“increasing; promotive.”

mahinā < mahina

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“greatness; enormousness.”

tarutra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“triumphant; conquering(a); superior.”

vanvantu < van

[verb], plural, Present imperative

“obtain; gain; desire; get; like; love; overcome.”

smā < sma

[adverb]

te < tvad

[noun], genitive, singular

“you.”

'vasā < avasā < avas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“aid; favor; protection.”

samīke < samīka

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“battle.”

'bhītim < abhītim < abhīti

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“assault.”

aryo < aryaḥ < ari

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

vanuṣāṃ < vanuṣām < vanus

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“unfriendly; competing(a).”

śavāṃsi < śavas

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“strength; power; superiority.”

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