Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.21.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वमि॑न्द्र॒ स्रवि॑त॒वा अ॒पस्क॒: परि॑ष्ठिता॒ अहि॑ना शूर पू॒र्वीः । त्वद्वा॑वक्रे र॒थ्यो॒३॒॑ न धेना॒ रेज॑न्ते॒ विश्वा॑ कृ॒त्रिमा॑णि भी॒षा ॥
त्वमिन्द्र स्रवितवा अपस्कः परिष्ठिता अहिना शूर पूर्वीः । त्वद्वावक्रे रथ्यो न धेना रेजन्ते विश्वा कृत्रिमाणि भीषा ॥
tvam indra sravitavā apas kaḥ pariṣṭhitā ahinā śūra pūrvīḥ | tvad vāvakre rathyo na dhenā rejante viśvā kṛtrimāṇi bhīṣā ||

English translation:

“You, hero, have enabled the many waters arrested by Ahi to flow; by you the rivers rushed forth likecharioteers; all created worlds trembled through fear of you.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): bhurikpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वम् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । स्रवि॑त॒वै । अ॒पः । क॒रिति॑ कः । परि॑ऽस्थिताः । अहि॑ना । शू॒र॒ । पू॒र्वीः । त्वत् । वा॒व॒क्रे॒ । र॒थ्यः॑ । न । धेनाः॑ । रेज॑न्ते । विश्वा॑ । कृ॒त्रिमा॑णि । भी॒षा ॥
त्वम् । इन्द्र । स्रवितवै । अपः । करिति कः । परिस्थिताः । अहिना । शूर । पूर्वीः । त्वत् । वावक्रे । रथ्यः । न । धेनाः । रेजन्ते । विश्वा । कृत्रिमाणि । भीषा ॥
tvam | indra | sravitavai | apaḥ | karitikaḥ | pari-sthitāḥ | ahinā | śūra | pūrvīḥ | tvat | vāvakre | rathyaḥ | na | dhenāḥ | rejante | viśvā | kṛtrimāṇi | bhīṣā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.21.3 English analysis of grammar]

tvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, singular

“you.”

indra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

sravitavā < sravitavai < sru

[verb noun]

“discharge; issue; run; filter; discharge; liquefy; ejaculate; fail; disappear; leak; fester.”

apas < apaḥ < apas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“work; deed.”

kaḥ < kṛ

[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

pariṣṭhitā < pariṣṭhitāḥ < pariṣṭhā < √sthā

[verb noun], accusative, plural

ahinā < ahi

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“snake; lead; nāga; Nāga; ahi [word]; Vṛtra.”

śūra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”

pūrvīḥ < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“many; much(a); very.”

tvad < tvat < tvad

[noun], ablative, singular

“you.”

vāvakre < vañc

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

rathyo < rathyaḥ < rathī

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

dhenā < dhenāḥ < dhenā

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“river; lip; voice.”

rejante < rej

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“tremor; flicker.”

viśvā < viśva

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

kṛtrimāṇi < kṛtrima

[noun], nominative, plural, neuter

“factitious; artificial; fake.”

bhīṣā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“fear.”

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