Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.18.23

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

च॒त्वारो॑ मा पैजव॒नस्य॒ दाना॒: स्मद्दि॑ष्टयः कृश॒निनो॑ निरे॒के । ऋ॒ज्रासो॑ मा पृथिवि॒ष्ठाः सु॒दास॑स्तो॒कं तो॒काय॒ श्रव॑से वहन्ति ॥
चत्वारो मा पैजवनस्य दानाः स्मद्दिष्टयः कृशनिनो निरेके । ऋज्रासो मा पृथिविष्ठाः सुदासस्तोकं तोकाय श्रवसे वहन्ति ॥
catvāro mā paijavanasya dānāḥ smaddiṣṭayaḥ kṛśanino nireke | ṛjrāso mā pṛthiviṣṭhāḥ sudāsas tokaṃ tokāya śravase vahanti ||

English translation:

“Four (horses), having golden trappings, going steadily on a difficult road, celebrated on the earth, theexcellent and acceptable gifts (made) to me by Sudāsa, the son of Paijavana, bear me as a son (to obtain) foodand progeny.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The excellent: smaddiṣṭayaḥ, an epithet of aśvaḥ: prasa'stātisarjanāśraddhādidānāṅgayuktā, being or having part of a donation made in the belief of presenting what isexcellent

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

च॒त्वारः॑ । मा॒ । पै॒ज॒ऽव॒नस्य॑ । दानाः॑ । स्मत्ऽदि॑ष्टयः । कृ॒श॒निनः॑ । नि॒रे॒के । ऋ॒ज्रासः॑ । मा॒ । पृ॒थि॒वि॒ऽस्थाः । सु॒ऽदासः॑ । तो॒कम् । तो॒काय॑ । श्रव॑से । व॒ह॒न्ति॒ ॥
चत्वारः । मा । पैजवनस्य । दानाः । स्मत्दिष्टयः । कृशनिनः । निरेके । ऋज्रासः । मा । पृथिविस्थाः । सुदासः । तोकम् । तोकाय । श्रवसे । वहन्ति ॥
catvāraḥ | mā | paija-vanasya | dānāḥ | smat-diṣṭayaḥ | kṛśaninaḥ | nireke | ṛjrāsaḥ | mā | pṛthivi-sthāḥ | su-dāsaḥ | tokam | tokāya | śravase | vahanti

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.18.23 English analysis of grammar]

catvāro < catvāraḥ < catur

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“four; catur [word].”

< mad

[noun], accusative, singular

“I; mine.”

paijavanasya < paijavana

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Sudās.”

dānāḥ < dāna

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

smaddiṣṭayaḥ < smaddiṣṭi

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

kṛśanino < kṛśaninaḥ < kṛśanin

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

nireke < nireka

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

ṛjrāso < ṛjrāsaḥ < ṛjra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“red.”

[adverb]

“not.”

pṛthiviṣṭhāḥ < pṛthivi < pṛthivī

[noun], feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

pṛthiviṣṭhāḥ < sthāḥ < sthā

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

sudāsas < sudāsaḥ < sudās

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Sudās.”

tokaṃ < tokam < toka

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“offspring.”

tokāya < toka

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“offspring.”

śravase < śravas

[noun], dative, singular, neuter

“fame; glory; ear.”

vahanti < vah

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”

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