Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 7.6.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यो अ॑पा॒चीने॒ तम॑सि॒ मद॑न्ती॒: प्राची॑श्च॒कार॒ नृत॑म॒: शची॑भिः । तमीशा॑नं॒ वस्वो॑ अ॒ग्निं गृ॑णी॒षेऽना॑नतं द॒मय॑न्तं पृत॒न्यून् ॥
यो अपाचीने तमसि मदन्तीः प्राचीश्चकार नृतमः शचीभिः । तमीशानं वस्वो अग्निं गृणीषेऽनानतं दमयन्तं पृतन्यून् ॥
yo apācīne tamasi madantīḥ prācīś cakāra nṛtamaḥ śacībhiḥ | tam īśānaṃ vasvo agniṃ gṛṇīṣe 'nānataṃ damayantam pṛtanyūn ||

English translation:

“The chief of leaders has, by the benefits (bestowed upon them), guided those praising (him) throughthe accusative ulated gloom (of night); I glorify that Agni, the unbending lord of wealth, the tamer of adversarieṣ”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Guided those: pūrvas' cakāra aparam ayayitun = agnir mukhyaḥ san ayajamānān aparān jaghanyāncakāra; he who enlightens by the manifestation of dawn those praising him in the night

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vasiṣṭhaḥ [vasiṣṭha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): vaiśvānaraḥ ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यः । अ॒पा॒चीने॑ । तम॑सि । मद॑न्तीः । प्राचीः॑ । च॒कार॑ । नृऽत॑मः । शची॑भिः । तम् । ईशा॑नम् । वस्वः॑ । अ॒ग्निम् । गृ॒णी॒षे॒ । अना॑नतम् । द॒मय॑न्तम् । पृ॒त॒न्यून् ॥
यः । अपाचीने । तमसि । मदन्तीः । प्राचीः । चकार । नृतमः । शचीभिः । तम् । ईशानम् । वस्वः । अग्निम् । गृणीषे । अनानतम् । दमयन्तम् । पृतन्यून् ॥
yaḥ | apācīne | tamasi | madantīḥ | prācīḥ | cakāra | nṛ-tamaḥ | śacībhiḥ | tam | īśānam | vasvaḥ | agnim | gṛṇīṣe | anānatam | damayantam | pṛtanyūn

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 7.6.4 English analysis of grammar]

yo < yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

apācīne < apācīna

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“western.”

tamasi < tamas

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“dark; darkness; Tamas; tamas [word]; faint; tamas; gloom; ignorance.”

madantīḥ < mad

[verb noun], accusative, plural

“rut; intoxicate; delight; revel; rejoice; drink; ramp; exult.”

prācīś < prācīḥ < prāñc

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“eastern; aforesaid(a); former(a); eastbound; easterly; anterior; forward; prāñc [word].”

cakāra < kṛ

[verb], singular, Perfect indicative

“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”

nṛtamaḥ < nṛtama

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

śacībhiḥ < śacī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“Śacī; power; dexterity; ability; aid.”

tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

īśānaṃ < īśānam < īś

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“govern; command; master; dominate; can; reign; control; own.”

vasvo < vasvaḥ < vasu

[noun], genitive, singular, neuter

“wealth; property; gold; vasu [word]; ruby; treasure; jewel.”

agniṃ < agnim < agni

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”

gṛṇīṣe < gṛ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“praise.”

'nānataṃ < an

[adverb]

“not.”

'nānataṃ < ānatam < ānam < √nam

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“bend; bow; crouch; bend.”

damayantam < damay < √dam

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“suppress.”

pṛtanyūn < pṛtanyu

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“enemy; attacker.”

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