Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.49.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र वा॒युमच्छा॑ बृह॒ती म॑नी॒षा बृ॒हद्र॑यिं वि॒श्ववा॑रं रथ॒प्राम् । द्यु॒तद्या॑मा नि॒युत॒: पत्य॑मानः क॒विः क॒विमि॑यक्षसि प्रयज्यो ॥
प्र वायुमच्छा बृहती मनीषा बृहद्रयिं विश्ववारं रथप्राम् । द्युतद्यामा नियुतः पत्यमानः कविः कविमियक्षसि प्रयज्यो ॥
pra vāyum acchā bṛhatī manīṣā bṛhadrayiṃ viśvavāraṃ rathaprām | dyutadyāmā niyutaḥ patyamānaḥ kaviḥ kavim iyakṣasi prayajyo ||

English translation:

“May our earnest praise proceed to the presence of Vāyu, the possessor of vast riches, the desired of all, the filler of his chariot (with wealth for his worshippers); most adorable (Vāyu), who are riding in a radiant car, and driving your Niyut (steeds), do you, who are far-seeing, show favour to the sage, (your adorer).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Kavim iyakṣasi prayajyo: prayajyo is applied to the priest, the adhvaryu; worship, venerable priest, the wise Vāyu...

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): ṛjiśvāḥ;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

प्र । वा॒युम् । अच्छ॑ । बृ॒ह॒ती । म॒नी॒षा । बृ॒हत्ऽर॑यिम् । वि॒श्वऽवा॑रम् । र॒थ॒ऽप्राम् । द्यु॒तद्ऽया॑मा । नि॒ऽयुतः॑ । पत्य॑मानः । क॒विः । क॒विम् । इ॒य॒क्ष॒सि॒ । प्र॒य॒ज्यो॒ इति॑ प्रऽयज्यो ॥
प्र । वायुम् । अच्छ । बृहती । मनीषा । बृहत्रयिम् । विश्ववारम् । रथप्राम् । द्युतद्यामा । नियुतः । पत्यमानः । कविः । कविम् । इयक्षसि । प्रयज्यो इति प्रयज्यो ॥
pra | vāyum | accha | bṛhatī | manīṣā | bṛhat-rayim | viśva-vāram | ratha-prām | dyutad-yāmā | ni-yutaḥ | patyamānaḥ | kaviḥ | kavim | iyakṣasi | prayajyo

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.49.4 English analysis of grammar]

pra

[adverb]

“towards; ahead.”

vāyum < vāyu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“wind; Vayu; vāta; prāṇa (coll.); air; air; fart; breath; northwest; draft; vāyu [word]; Vāyu; Marut.”

acchā

[adverb]

“towards; accha [prefix].”

bṛhatī < bṛhat

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

manīṣā

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“hymn; inspiration; idea; thinking; wish; consideration; intelligence.”

bṛhadrayiṃ < bṛhat

[noun]

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

bṛhadrayiṃ < rayim < rayi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“wealth; property.”

viśvavāraṃ < viśva

[noun]

“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”

viśvavāraṃ < vāram < vāra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“time; day of the week; turn.”

rathaprām < ratha

[noun], masculine

“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”

rathaprām < prām < prā

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“appreciated.”

dyutadyāmā < dyutat < dyut

[verb noun]

“shine; inflame.”

dyutadyāmā < yāmā < yāman

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“expedition; path; expedition; arrival.”

niyutaḥ < niyut

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“gift; team.”

patyamānaḥ < paty

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“own; have; master.”

kaviḥ < kavi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

kavim < kavi

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”

iyakṣasi < iyakṣ < √yaj

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“endeavor.”

prayajyo < prayajyu

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

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