Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.47.17

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

परा॒ पूर्वे॑षां स॒ख्या वृ॑णक्ति वि॒तर्तु॑राणो॒ अप॑रेभिरेति । अना॑नुभूतीरवधून्वा॒नः पू॒र्वीरिन्द्र॑: श॒रद॑स्तर्तरीति ॥
परा पूर्वेषां सख्या वृणक्ति वितर्तुराणो अपरेभिरेति । अनानुभूतीरवधून्वानः पूर्वीरिन्द्रः शरदस्तर्तरीति ॥
parā pūrveṣāṃ sakhyā vṛṇakti vitarturāṇo aparebhir eti | anānubhūtīr avadhūnvānaḥ pūrvīr indraḥ śaradas tartarīti ||

English translation:

Indra rejects the friendship of those who are formost (in pious acts), and, depositing them, associates with (their) inferiors; or (again) shaking off those who neglect his worship, Indra abides many years with those who serve him.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gargaḥ [garga];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

परा॑ । पूर्वे॑षाम् । स॒ख्या । वृ॒ण॒क्ति॒ । वि॒ऽतर्तु॑राणः । अप॑रेभिः । ए॒ति॒ । अन॑नुऽभूतीः । अ॒व॒ऽधू॒न्वा॒नः । पू॒र्वीः । इन्द्रः॑ । श॒रदः॑ । त॒र्त॒री॒ति॒ ॥
परा । पूर्वेषाम् । सख्या । वृणक्ति । वितर्तुराणः । अपरेभिः । एति । अननुभूतीः । अवधून्वानः । पूर्वीः । इन्द्रः । शरदः । तर्तरीति ॥
parā | pūrveṣām | sakhyā | vṛṇakti | vi-tarturāṇaḥ | aparebhiḥ | eti | ananu-bhūtīḥ | ava-dhūnvānaḥ | pūrvīḥ | indraḥ | śaradaḥ | tartarīti

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.47.17 English analysis of grammar]

parā

[adverb]

“away.”

pūrveṣāṃ < pūrveṣām < pūrva

[noun], genitive, plural, masculine

“aforesaid(a); antecedent; previous(a); first; eastern; former(a); pūrva [word]; age-old; anterior; bygone; fore(a); predictive; firstborn; easterly; instrumental.”

sakhyā < sakhya

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“friendship; aid; company.”

vṛṇakti < vṛj

[verb], singular, Present indikative

vitarturāṇo < vitarturāṇaḥ < vitartar < √tṛ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

aparebhir < aparebhiḥ < apara

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“unsurpassable.”

eti < i

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

anānubhūtīr < anānubhūtīḥ < anānubhūti

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

avadhūnvānaḥ < avadhū < √dhū

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“shake.”

pūrvīr < pūrvīḥ < puru

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“many; much(a); very.”

indraḥ < indra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

śaradas < śaradaḥ < śarad

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“fall; year; śarad [word].”

tartarīti < tartar < √tṛ

[verb], singular, Present indikative

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