Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 6.46.12
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यत्र॒ शूरा॑सस्त॒न्वो॑ वितन्व॒ते प्रि॒या शर्म॑ पितॄ॒णाम् । अध॑ स्मा यच्छ त॒न्वे॒३॒॑ तने॑ च छ॒र्दिर॒चित्तं॑ या॒वय॒ द्वेष॑: ॥
यत्र शूरासस्तन्वो वितन्वते प्रिया शर्म पितॄणाम् । अध स्मा यच्छ तन्वे तने च छर्दिरचित्तं यावय द्वेषः ॥
yatra śūrāsas tanvo vitanvate priyā śarma pitṝṇām | adha smā yaccha tanve tane ca chardir acittaṃ yāvaya dveṣaḥ ||
English translation:
“When heroes rest their person ns (until abandoning) the plural asant abodes of their progenitors; grant us, for ourselves and our posterity, an unsuspected defence, and scatter our enemies.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The plural asant abode of their progenitors: priyā śarma pitṛṇām = priyāṇi sthānāni janakānām sambandhinī, the beloved plural ces in relation with progenitors; tanvo vitanvate, they spread out or rest their person ns; or, they spread out before the enemy the sites won by their forefathers until they abandon them, parityajanti yāvat; i.e. until they, the enemy, desis fom the attack; an unsuspected defence: chardiracittam = kavacam śatrubhir ajñātam, armour unknown by the enemies
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śaṃyurbārhaspatyaḥ [śaṃyurbārhaspatya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indraḥ pragātho vā ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍpaṅkti ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
यत्र॑ । शूरा॑सः । त॒न्वः॑ । वि॒ऽत॒न्व॒ते । प्रि॒या । शर्म॑ । पि॒तॄ॒णाम् । अध॑ । स्म॒ । य॒च्छ॒ । त॒न्वे॑ । तने॑ । च॒ । छ॒र्धिः । अ॒चित्त॑म् । य॒वय॑ । द्वेषः॑ ॥
यत्र । शूरासः । तन्वः । वितन्वते । प्रिया । शर्म । पितॄणाम् । अध । स्म । यच्छ । तन्वे । तने । च । छर्धिः । अचित्तम् । यवय । द्वेषः ॥
yatra | śūrāsaḥ | tanvaḥ | vi-tanvate | priyā | śarma | pitṝṇām | adha | sma | yaccha | tanve | tane | ca | chardhiḥ | acittam | yavaya | dveṣaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 6.46.12 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“wherein; once [when].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“hero; cock; śūra; Śūra; Vatica robusta; Plumbago zeylanica; warrior; hero; attacker; lentil; wild boar; lion; dog.”
[noun], accusative, plural, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“expand; perform; scatter; prolong; increase.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“beloved; pleasant; dear; fond(p); wanted; priya [word]; favorite; good; liked; suitable; proper.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“protection; protective covering; refuge; joy.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“father; Pitṛ; ancestor; parent; paternal ancestor; pitṛ [word]; forefather.”
[adverb]
“then; and; therefore; now.”
[adverb]
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“continuity; sequence; longevity.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“protection; protective covering.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“unexpected.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“keep away.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“hostility; enemy.”