Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 6.46.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
बाध॑से॒ जना॑न्वृष॒भेव॑ म॒न्युना॒ घृषौ॑ मी॒ळ्ह ऋ॑चीषम । अ॒स्माकं॑ बोध्यवि॒ता म॑हाध॒ने त॒नूष्व॒प्सु सूर्ये॑ ॥
बाधसे जनान्वृषभेव मन्युना घृषौ मीळ्ह ऋचीषम । अस्माकं बोध्यविता महाधने तनूष्वप्सु सूर्ये ॥
bādhase janān vṛṣabheva manyunā ghṛṣau mīḻha ṛcīṣama | asmākam bodhy avitā mahādhane tanūṣv apsu sūrye ||
English translation:
“Such, Indra, as you are represented in holy texts, assail (our) adversaries with fierceness like (that of) a bull in close conflict; regard yourself as our defender in war, (that we may long enjoy) posterity, water, and the sight of the) sun.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Represented in holy texts: ṛcīṣama = ṛgyādṛśam rūpam pratipādayati tādṛg rūpendraḥ, such form as the Ṛc exhibits, such in form is Indra; posterity, water and sun: tanuṣu, apsu, sūrye = in descendants, in waters, in the sun; connecting this what precedes: asmākam bodhi avitā mahādhane, know yourself to be our protector in battle, in descendants, etc., that is in securing to us these good things and long life
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śaṃyurbārhaspatyaḥ [śaṃyurbārhaspatya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indraḥ pragātho vā ;
Chandas (meter): bhurigbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
बाध॑से । जना॑न् । वृ॒ष॒भाऽइ॑व । म॒न्युना॑ । घृषौ॑ । मी॒ळ्हे । ऋ॒ची॒ष॒म॒ । अ॒स्माक॑म् । बो॒धि॒ । अ॒वि॒ता । म॒हा॒ऽध॒ने । त॒नूषु॑ । अ॒प्ऽसु । सूर्ये॑ ॥
बाधसे । जनान् । वृषभाइव । मन्युना । घृषौ । मीळ्हे । ऋचीषम । अस्माकम् । बोधि । अविता । महाधने । तनूषु । अप्सु । सूर्ये ॥
bādhase | janān | vṛṣabhāiva | manyunā | ghṛṣau | mīḷhe | ṛcīṣama | asmākam | bodhi | avitā | mahādhane | tanūṣu | ap-su | sūrye
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 6.46.4 English analysis of grammar]
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“afflict; annoy; chase away; tease; grieve; irritate.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“anger; fury; rage; wrath.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
[verb noun], locative, singular
“make; moisten.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Aorist imperative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“favorable.”
[noun]
“large; eminent; great; loud; dangerous; strong; long; high; much(a); mahant [word]; ample; very; great; adult; important; dark; high; abundant; violent; remarkable; mighty; big; long.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“wealth; property; money; treasure; prize; dhana [word]; valuable; dhan; capital; fight.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“body; self; own(a); person; form.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”