Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.46.3

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यः स॑त्रा॒हा विच॑र्षणि॒रिन्द्रं॒ तं हू॑महे व॒यम् । सह॑स्रमुष्क॒ तुवि॑नृम्ण॒ सत्प॑ते॒ भवा॑ स॒मत्सु॑ नो वृ॒धे ॥
यः सत्राहा विचर्षणिरिन्द्रं तं हूमहे वयम् । सहस्रमुष्क तुविनृम्ण सत्पते भवा समत्सु नो वृधे ॥
yaḥ satrāhā vicarṣaṇir indraṃ taṃ hūmahe vayam | sahasramuṣka tuvinṛmṇa satpate bhavā samatsu no vṛdhe ||

English translation:

“We invoke that Indra who is the desroyer of mighty foes, the supervisor (of all things); do you, the many organed, the protector of the good, the distributor of wealth, be unto us (the insurer of) success in combats.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śaṃyurbārhaspatyaḥ [śaṃyurbārhaspatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indraḥ pragātho vā ;
Chandas (meter): bhurigbṛhatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

यः । स॒त्रा॒ऽहा । विऽच॑र्षणिः । इन्द्र॑म् । तम् । हू॒म॒हे॒ । व॒यम् । सह॑स्रऽमुष्क । तुवि॑ऽनृम्ण । सत्ऽप॑ते । भव॑ । स॒मत्ऽसु॑ । नः॒ । वृ॒धे ॥
यः । सत्राहा । विचर्षणिः । इन्द्रम् । तम् । हूमहे । वयम् । सहस्रमुष्क । तुविनृम्ण । सत्पते । भव । समत्सु । नः । वृधे ॥
yaḥ | satrāhā | vi-carṣaṇiḥ | indram | tam | hūmahe | vayam | sahasra-muṣka | tuvi-nṛmṇa | sat-pate | bhava | samat-su | naḥ | vṛdhe

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.46.3 English analysis of grammar]

yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

satrāhā < satrāhan

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

vicarṣaṇir < vicarṣaṇiḥ < vicarṣaṇi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“excellent.”

indraṃ < indram < indra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

taṃ < tam < tad

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”

hūmahe < hvā

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

vayam < mad

[noun], nominative, plural

“I; mine.”

sahasramuṣka < sahasra

[noun], neuter

“thousand; one-thousandth; sahasra [word].”

sahasramuṣka < muṣka

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“scrotum; testis; Schrebera swietenioides Roxb.; muṣka [word].”

tuvinṛmṇa < tuvi

[noun]

“mighty; very; diverse; much(a); many.”

tuvinṛmṇa < nṛmṇa

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“manhood; power.”

satpate < satpati

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“Indra.”

bhavā < bhava < bhū

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”

samatsu < samad

[noun], locative, plural, masculine

“conflict; strife.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], dative, plural

“I; mine.”

vṛdhe < vṛdh

[verb noun]

“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”

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