Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.21.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒मा उ॑ त्वा पुरु॒तम॑स्य का॒रोर्हव्यं॑ वीर॒ हव्या॑ हवन्ते । धियो॑ रथे॒ष्ठाम॒जरं॒ नवी॑यो र॒यिर्विभू॑तिरीयते वच॒स्या ॥
इमा उ त्वा पुरुतमस्य कारोर्हव्यं वीर हव्या हवन्ते । धियो रथेष्ठामजरं नवीयो रयिर्विभूतिरीयते वचस्या ॥
imā u tvā purutamasya kāror havyaṃ vīra havyā havante | dhiyo ratheṣṭhām ajaraṃ navīyo rayir vibhūtir īyate vacasyā ||

English translation:

“These earnest adorations of the much-desiring worshipper glorify you, hero, Indra, who are adorable; mounted on your car, undecaying, ever new, and to whom the wealth (of sacrifice), the most excellent opulence, proceeds.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

इ॒माः । ऊँ॒ इति॑ । त्वा॒ । पु॒रु॒ऽतम॑स्य । का॒रोः । हव्य॑म् । वी॒र॒ । हव्याः॑ । ह॒व॒न्ते॒ । धियः॑ । र॒थे॒ऽस्थाम् । अ॒जर॑म् । नवी॑यः । र॒यिः । विऽभू॑तिः । ई॒य॒ते॒ । व॒च॒स्या ॥
इमाः । ऊँ इति । त्वा । पुरुतमस्य । कारोः । हव्यम् । वीर । हव्याः । हवन्ते । धियः । रथेस्थाम् । अजरम् । नवीयः । रयिः । विभूतिः । ईयते । वचस्या ॥
imāḥ | oṃ iti | tvā | puru-tamasya | kāroḥ | havyam | vīra | havyāḥ | havante | dhiyaḥ | rathe--sthām | ajaram | navīyaḥ | rayiḥ | vi-bhūtiḥ | īyate | vacasyā

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.21.1 English analysis of grammar]

imā < imāḥ < idam

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

u

[adverb]

“ukāra; besides; now; indeed; u.”

tvā < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

purutamasya < purutama

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“most(a).”

kāror < kāroḥ < kāru

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“poet; singer.”

havyaṃ < havyam < hu

[verb noun], accusative, singular

“sacrifice; offer; pour; worship.”

vīra

[noun], vocative, singular, masculine

“hero; man; Vīra; vīra; vīra [word]; Vīra.”

havyā < havyāḥ < hu

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“sacrifice; offer; pour; worship.”

havante < hvā

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“raise; call on; call; summon.”

dhiyo < dhiyaḥ < dhī

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”

ratheṣṭhām < ratheṣṭhā

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

ajaraṃ < ajaram < ajara

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“undecaying; ageless.”

navīyo < navīyaḥ < navīyas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“new; fresh; up-to-the-minute.”

rayir < rayiḥ < rayi

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

“wealth; property.”

vibhūtir < vibhūtiḥ < vibhūti

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“plentiful.”

īyate < i

[verb], singular, Perfect conjunctive (subj.)

“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”

vacasyā

[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine

“eloquence.”

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