Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.12.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अध॑ स्मास्य पनयन्ति॒ भासो॒ वृथा॒ यत्तक्ष॑दनु॒याति॑ पृ॒थ्वीम् । स॒द्यो यः स्य॒न्द्रो विषि॑तो॒ धवी॑यानृ॒णो न ता॒युरति॒ धन्वा॑ राट् ॥
अध स्मास्य पनयन्ति भासो वृथा यत्तक्षदनुयाति पृथ्वीम् । सद्यो यः स्यन्द्रो विषितो धवीयानृणो न तायुरति धन्वा राट् ॥
adha smāsya panayanti bhāso vṛthā yat takṣad anuyāti pṛthvīm | sadyo yaḥ syandro viṣito dhavīyān ṛṇo na tāyur ati dhanvā rāṭ ||

English translation:

“They glorify his flames in this world; when, easily thinning the woods, they spread over the earth; he, who glides along unarrested, and rapid in movement as a fast flying thief, shines over the desert.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭpaṅkti;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अध॑ । स्म॒ । अ॒स्य॒ । प॒न॒य॒न्ति॒ । भासः॑ । वृथा॑ । यत् । तक्ष॑त् । अ॒नु॒ऽयाति॑ । पृ॒थ्वीम् । स॒द्यः । यः । स्प॒न्द्रः । विऽसि॑तः । धवी॑यान् । ऋ॒णः । न । ता॒युः । अति॑ । धन्व॑ । राट् ॥
अध । स्म । अस्य । पनयन्ति । भासः । वृथा । यत् । तक्षत् । अनुयाति । पृथ्वीम् । सद्यः । यः । स्पन्द्रः । विसितः । धवीयान् । ऋणः । न । तायुः । अति । धन्व । राट् ॥
adha | sma | asya | panayanti | bhāsaḥ | vṛthā | yat | takṣat | anu-yāti | pṛthvīm | sadyaḥ | yaḥ | spandraḥ | vi-sitaḥ | dhavīyān | ṛṇaḥ | na | tāyuḥ | ati | dhanva | rāṭ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.12.5 English analysis of grammar]

adha

[adverb]

“then; and; therefore; now.”

smāsya < sma

[adverb]

smāsya < asya < idam

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”

panayanti < panay < √pan

[verb], plural, Present indikative

bhāso < bhāsaḥ < bhās

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“beam; radiance; bhās [word]; fire.”

vṛthā

[adverb]

“vainly; incorrectly; unnecessarily; at will.”

yat

[adverb]

“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”

takṣad < takṣat < takṣ

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“produce; shape; fashion; chisel; invent.”

anuyāti < anuyā < √yā

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“follow; pursue.”

pṛthvīm < pṛthvī

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“Earth; floor; earth.”

sadyo < sadyas

[adverb]

“immediately; just; daily; sadyas [word].”

yaḥ < yad

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

syandro < syandraḥ < syandra

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“flowing; fleet.”

viṣito < viṣitaḥ < viṣā < √sā

[verb noun], nominative, singular

dhavīyān < dhavīyas

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

ṛṇo < ṛṇaḥ < ṛṇa

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

na

[adverb]

“not; like; no; na [word].”

tāyur < tāyuḥ < tāyu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“thief.”

ati

[adverb]

“very; excessively; beyond; excessively.”

dhanvā < dhanvan

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“bow; desert; steppe; barren.”

rāṭ < rāj

[verb], singular, Present injunctive

“govern; shine; glitter; direct.”

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