Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 6.2.2

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वां हि ष्मा॑ चर्ष॒णयो॑ य॒ज्ञेभि॑र्गी॒र्भिरीळ॑ते । त्वां वा॒जी या॑त्यवृ॒को र॑ज॒स्तूर्वि॒श्वच॑र्षणिः ॥
त्वां हि ष्मा चर्षणयो यज्ञेभिर्गीर्भिरीळते । त्वां वाजी यात्यवृको रजस्तूर्विश्वचर्षणिः ॥
tvāṃ hi ṣmā carṣaṇayo yajñebhir gīrbhir īḻate | tvāṃ vājī yāty avṛko rajastūr viśvacarṣaṇiḥ ||

English translation:

“Men verily worship you with sacrifice and with praises; the inoffensive sun, the sender of rain, the beholder of the universe, proceeds to you.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

It is said that the sun, at the evening enters into fire, therefore the latter is visible throughout the night; the term for sun in the text is, vājin, he who goes swiftly; this is an appellative also of fire and wind: Agnirvāyuḥ sūryas te vai vājinaḥ, fire, wind, the sun, they verily are vājins (Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa 1.6.3.9)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍuṣnik ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

त्वाम् । हि । स्म॒ । च॒र्ष॒णयः॑ । य॒ज्ञेभिः॑ । गीः॒ऽभिः । ईळ॑ते । त्वाम् । वा॒जी । या॒ति॒ । अ॒वृ॒कः । र॒जः॒ऽतूः । वि॒श्वऽच॑र्षणिः ॥
त्वाम् । हि । स्म । चर्षणयः । यज्ञेभिः । गीःभिः । ईळते । त्वाम् । वाजी । याति । अवृकः । रजःतूः । विश्वचर्षणिः ॥
tvām | hi | sma | carṣaṇayaḥ | yajñebhiḥ | gīḥ-bhiḥ | īḷate | tvām | vājī | yāti | avṛkaḥ | rajaḥ-tūḥ | viśva-carṣaṇiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 6.2.2 English analysis of grammar]

tvāṃ < tvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

hi

[adverb]

“because; indeed; for; therefore; hi [word].”

ṣmā < sma

[adverb]

carṣaṇayo < carṣaṇayaḥ < carṣaṇi

[noun], nominative, plural, feminine

“people.”

yajñebhir < yajñebhiḥ < yajña

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

gīrbhir < gīrbhiḥ < gir

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

īᄆate < īḍ

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“praise; invite; raise.”

tvāṃ < tvām < tvad

[noun], accusative, singular

“you.”

vājī < vājin

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“horse; bird; seven; hero; achiever; aphrodisiac.”

yāty < yāti <

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”

avṛko < avṛkaḥ < avṛka

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“protective; safe.”

rajastūr < rajastur

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

viśvacarṣaṇiḥ < viśvacarṣaṇi

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

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