Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 6.1.8
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वि॒शां क॒विं वि॒श्पतिं॒ शश्व॑तीनां नि॒तोश॑नं वृष॒भं च॑र्षणी॒नाम् । प्रेती॑षणिमि॒षय॑न्तं पाव॒कं राज॑न्तम॒ग्निं य॑ज॒तं र॑यी॒णाम् ॥
विशां कविं विश्पतिं शश्वतीनां नितोशनं वृषभं चर्षणीनाम् । प्रेतीषणिमिषयन्तं पावकं राजन्तमग्निं यजतं रयीणाम् ॥
viśāṃ kaviṃ viśpatiṃ śaśvatīnāṃ nitośanaṃ vṛṣabhaṃ carṣaṇīnām | pretīṣaṇim iṣayantam pāvakaṃ rājantam agniṃ yajataṃ rayīṇām ||
English translation:
“(We glorify) the lord of men of ever-existing men; the wise, the destroyer (of foes) the showerer (of benefits) on mankind, the moving, the bestower of food, the purifier, the resplendent, Agni, who is worshipped for (the sake of) riches.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The lord of men: viśpatim viśām śaśvatīnām: the epithet is explained, nityānām ṛtvig yajamāna lakṣaṇānām, i.e., their regular and perpetual observance of religious instrumental tutes
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): bharadvājo bārhaspatyaḥ [bharadvāja bārhaspatya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वि॒शाम् । क॒विम् । वि॒श्पति॑म् । शश्व॑तीनाम् । नि॒ऽतोश॑नम् । वृ॒ष॒भम् । च॒र्ष॒णी॒नाम् । प्रेति॑ऽइषणिम् । इ॒षय॑न्तम् । पा॒व॒कम् । राज॑न्तम् । अ॒ग्निम् । य॒ज॒तम् । र॒यी॒णाम् ॥
विशाम् । कविम् । विश्पतिम् । शश्वतीनाम् । नितोशनम् । वृषभम् । चर्षणीनाम् । प्रेतिइषणिम् । इषयन्तम् । पावकम् । राजन्तम् । अग्निम् । यजतम् । रयीणाम् ॥
viśām | kavim | viśpatim | śaśvatīnām | ni-tośanam | vṛṣabham | carṣaṇīnām | preti-iṣaṇim | iṣayantam | pāvakam | rājantam | agnim | yajatam | rayīṇām
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 6.1.8 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“people; tribe; Vaisya; national; viś; real property; Vaisya.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“poet; wise man; bard; Venus; Uśanas; kavi [word]; Kavi; prophet; guru; Brahma.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“overlord; head.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“all(a).”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”
[noun], genitive, plural, feminine
“people.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[verb noun], accusative, singular
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; Plumbago zeylanica; vahni.”
[verb noun], accusative, singular
“govern; shine; glitter; direct.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“fire; Agni; sacrificial fire; digestion; cautery; Plumbago zeylanica; fire; vahni; agni [word]; agnikarman; gold; three; jāraṇa; pyre; fireplace; heating.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“holy; august; sacrificial.”
[noun], genitive, plural, masculine
“wealth; property.”