Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.85.7
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒र्य॒म्यं॑ वरुण मि॒त्र्यं॑ वा॒ सखा॑यं वा॒ सद॒मिद्भ्रात॑रं वा । वे॒शं वा॒ नित्यं॑ वरु॒णार॑णं वा॒ यत्सी॒माग॑श्चकृ॒मा शि॒श्रथ॒स्तत् ॥
अर्यम्यं वरुण मित्र्यं वा सखायं वा सदमिद्भ्रातरं वा । वेशं वा नित्यं वरुणारणं वा यत्सीमागश्चकृमा शिश्रथस्तत् ॥
aryamyaṃ varuṇa mitryaṃ vā sakhāyaṃ vā sadam id bhrātaraṃ vā | veśaṃ vā nityaṃ varuṇāraṇaṃ vā yat sīm āgaś cakṛmā śiśrathas tat ||
English translation:
“If, Varuṇa, we have ever committed an offence against a benefactor, a friend, a companion, a brother, a near neighbour, or, Varuṇa, a dumb man, remove it from us.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Benefactor a friend: aryamyam mitryam vā = aryaman and mitra, the final ya being plural onastic; the first is dātrī a giver; guru, a spiritual preceptor; a dumb man: varuṇāraṇam vā; the pada separates the word into varuṇa and araṇam;
Araṇam = aśabdam, not having sound or speech, or adātāram, not giving, niggardly
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): varuṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): brāhmyuṣnik;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒र्य॒म्य॑म् । व॒रु॒ण॒ । मि॒त्र्य॑म् । वा॒ । सखा॑यम् । वा॒ । सद॑म् । इत् । भ्रात॑रम् । वा॒ । वे॒शम् । वा॒ । नित्य॑म् । व॒रु॒ण॒ । अर॑णम् । वा॒ । यत् । सी॒म् । आगः॑ । च॒कृ॒म । शि॒श्रथः॑ । तत् ॥
अर्यम्यम् । वरुण । मित्र्यम् । वा । सखायम् । वा । सदम् । इत् । भ्रातरम् । वा । वेशम् । वा । नित्यम् । वरुण । अरणम् । वा । यत् । सीम् । आगः । चकृम । शिश्रथः । तत् ॥
aryamyam | varuṇa | mitryam | vā | sakhāyam | vā | sadam | it | bhrātaram | vā | veśam | vā | nityam | varuṇa | araṇam | vā | yat | sīm | āgaḥ | cakṛma | śiśrathaḥ | tat
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.85.7 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“friendly.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“friend; companion; sakhi [word].”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[adverb]
“always.”
[adverb]
“indeed; assuredly; entirely.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“brother; bhrātṛ; relative.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“whorehouse; prostitute; neighbor; braid.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“continuous; own(a); changeless; everlasting; continual; devoted(p); permanent; obligatory; continuing; indispensable; native; addicted; connatural; necessary; durable; ageless; invariable; biological.”
[noun], masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“foreign; unrelated.”
[adverb]
“or; optionally; either.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[adverb]
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“sin; evildoing; mistake.”
[verb], plural, Perfect indicative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”