Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.83.3
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
र॒थीव॒ कश॒याश्वाँ॑ अभिक्षि॒पन्ना॒विर्दू॒तान्कृ॑णुते व॒र्ष्याँ॒३॒॑ अह॑ । दू॒रात्सिं॒हस्य॑ स्त॒नथा॒ उदी॑रते॒ यत्प॒र्जन्य॑: कृणु॒ते व॒र्ष्यं१॒॑ नभ॑: ॥
रथीव कशयाश्वाँ अभिक्षिपन्नाविर्दूतान्कृणुते वर्ष्याँ अह । दूरात्सिंहस्य स्तनथा उदीरते यत्पर्जन्यः कृणुते वर्ष्यं नभः ॥
rathīva kaśayāśvām̐ abhikṣipann āvir dūtān kṛṇute varṣyām̐ aha | dūrāt siṃhasya stanathā ud īrate yat parjanyaḥ kṛṇute varṣyaṃ nabhaḥ ||
English translation:
“As a charioteer, urging his horses with his whip, brings into view the messenger (of war), so Parjanya, (driving the clouds before him), makes manifest the messengers of the rain; the roaring of the lion-(like cloud) proclaims from afar that Parjanya overspreads the sky with rainy clouds.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The messenger of war: the text has only dūtān = bhaṭān, warriors
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pṛthivī ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
र॒थीऽइ॑व । कश॑या । अश्वा॑न् । अ॒भि॒ऽक्षि॒पन् । आ॒विः । दू॒तान् । कृ॒णु॒ते॒ । व॒र्ष्या॑न् । अह॑ । दू॒रात् । सिं॒हस्य॑ । स्त॒नथाः॑ । उत् । ई॒र॒ते॒ । यत् । प॒र्जन्यः॑ । कृ॒णु॒ते । व॒र्ष्य॑म् । नभः॑ ॥
रथीइव । कशया । अश्वान् । अभिक्षिपन् । आविः । दूतान् । कृणुते । वर्ष्यान् । अह । दूरात् । सिंहस्य । स्तनथाः । उत् । ईरते । यत् । पर्जन्यः । कृणुते । वर्ष्यम् । नभः ॥
rathī-iva | kaśayā | aśvān | abhi-kṣipan | āviḥ | dūtān | kṛṇute | varṣyān | aha | dūrāt | siṃhasya | stanathāḥ | ut | īrate | yat | parjanyaḥ | kṛṇute | varṣyam | nabhaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.83.3 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“driver; charioteer; Kshatriya; owner of a car.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“whip.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
[adverb]
“openly; obviously.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“messenger; emissary; dūta [word].”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“rain; rainy.”
[adverb]
“aha [word]; indeed.”
[adverb]
“far.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“lion; hero; best; leader; siṃha [word].”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
[adverb]
“up.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“go.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“cloud; Parjanya; Indra; nimbus.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“rain; rainy.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“sky; cloud; ākāśa; air; abhra.”