Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.83.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अच्छा॑ वद त॒वसं॑ गी॒र्भिरा॒भिः स्तु॒हि प॒र्जन्यं॒ नम॒सा वि॑वास । कनि॑क्रदद्वृष॒भो जी॒रदा॑नू॒ रेतो॑ दधा॒त्योष॑धीषु॒ गर्भ॑म् ॥
अच्छा वद तवसं गीर्भिराभिः स्तुहि पर्जन्यं नमसा विवास । कनिक्रदद्वृषभो जीरदानू रेतो दधात्योषधीषु गर्भम् ॥
acchā vada tavasaṃ gīrbhir ābhiḥ stuhi parjanyaṃ namasā vivāsa | kanikradad vṛṣabho jīradānū reto dadhāty oṣadhīṣu garbham ||

English translation:

“I address the mighty Parjanya who is present; praise him with these hymns; worship him with reverence, him who is the thunderer, the showerer, the bountiful, who impregnates the plural nts with rain.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Parjanya: is Indra, as the sender of rain; Nirukta 10.10 provides a number of etymologies: par, derived from tṛp, to satisfy (with a reversal of the final consonant), janya = a victor, jetā or genitive rator janayith, or impelleer prajayitā, of fluids, rasānām; unādi derivation refers it to vṛṣ, to rain (p substituted for v; r. becoming the guṇa, ar; and s' being changed to j; anya is the affix)

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): atriḥ [atri];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): pṛthivī ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अच्छ॑ । व॒द॒ । त॒वस॑म् । गीः॒ऽभिः । आ॒भिः । स्तु॒हि । प॒र्जन्य॑म् । नम॑सा । वि॒वा॒स॒ । कनि॑क्रदत् । वृ॒ष॒भः । जी॒रऽदा॑नुः । रेतः॑ । द॒धा॒ति॑ । ओष॑धीषु । गर्भ॑म् ॥
अच्छ । वद । तवसम् । गीःभिः । आभिः । स्तुहि । पर्जन्यम् । नमसा । विवास । कनिक्रदत् । वृषभः । जीरदानुः । रेतः । दधाति । ओषधीषु । गर्भम् ॥
accha | vada | tavasam | gīḥ-bhiḥ | ābhiḥ | stuhi | parjanyam | namasā | vivāsa | kanikradat | vṛṣabhaḥ | jīra-dānuḥ | retaḥ | dadhāti | oṣadhīṣu | garbham

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.83.1 English analysis of grammar]

acchā

[adverb]

“towards; accha [prefix].”

vada < vad

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”

tavasaṃ < tavasam < tavas

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“strong; energetic.”

gīrbhir < gīrbhiḥ < gir

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“hymn; praise; voice; words; invocation; command; statement; cry; language.”

ābhi < ā

[adverb]

“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”

ābhi < abhi

[adverb]

“towards; on.”

stuhi < stu

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“laud; praise; declare; stu.”

parjanyaṃ < parjanyam < parjanya

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“cloud; Parjanya; Indra; nimbus.”

namasā < namas

[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter

“adoration; court; namas [word]; bow; salute.”

vivāsa < vivās < √van

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“invite; endeavor; try for.”

kanikradad < kanikradat < kanikrad < √krand

[verb noun], nominative, singular

“roar; neigh.”

vṛṣabho < vṛṣabhaḥ < vṛṣabha

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“bull; Vṛṣabha; Vṛṣabha; best.”

jīradānū < jīra

[noun]

“agile; quick; fast.”

jīradānū < dānuḥ < dānu

[noun], nominative, singular, masculine

“Dānu; dew; drop.”

reto < retaḥ < retas

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“semen; sperm.”

dadhāty < dadhāti < dhā

[verb], singular, Present indikative

“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”

oṣadhīṣu < oṣadhī

[noun], locative, plural, feminine

“herb; plant; drug; herb.”

garbham < garbha

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“fetus; garbha; inside; cavity; embryo; uterus; child; pit; garbhadruti; filling; pregnancy; room; abdomen; fertilization; inside; hole; baby; calyx; midst.”

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