Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.81.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त या॑सि सवित॒स्त्रीणि॑ रोच॒नोत सूर्य॑स्य र॒श्मिभि॒: समु॑च्यसि । उ॒त रात्री॑मुभ॒यत॒: परी॑यस उ॒त मि॒त्रो भ॑वसि देव॒ धर्म॑भिः ॥
उत यासि सवितस्त्रीणि रोचनोत सूर्यस्य रश्मिभिः समुच्यसि । उत रात्रीमुभयतः परीयस उत मित्रो भवसि देव धर्मभिः ॥
uta yāsi savitas trīṇi rocanota sūryasya raśmibhiḥ sam ucyasi | uta rātrīm ubhayataḥ parīyasa uta mitro bhavasi deva dharmabhiḥ ||
English translation:
“eithe ryou traverse, Savitā, the three regions, or combine with the rays of Sūrya; or you pass between the night on either hand; or you, divine Savitā are Mitra, through your (benevolent) functions.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Sūrya: Savitā is the sun before rising; Sūrya is the sun in genitive ral
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): śyāvāśva ātreyaḥ [śyāvāśva ātreya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): savitā ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
उ॒त । या॒सि॒ । स॒वि॒त॒रिति॑ । त्रीणि॑ । रो॒च॒ना । उ॒त । सूर्य॑स्य । र॒श्मिऽभिः॑ । सम् । उ॒च्य॒सि॒ । उ॒त । रात्री॑म् । उ॒भ॒यतः॑ । परि॑ । ई॒य॒से॒ । उ॒त । मि॒त्रः । भ॒व॒सि॒ । दे॒व॒ । धर्म॑ऽभिः ॥
उत । यासि । सवितरिति । त्रीणि । रोचना । उत । सूर्यस्य । रश्मिभिः । सम् । उच्यसि । उत । रात्रीम् । उभयतः । परि । ईयसे । उत । मित्रः । भवसि । देव । धर्मभिः ॥
uta | yāsi | savitariti | trīṇi | rocanā | uta | sūryasya | raśmi-bhiḥ | sam | ucyas i | uta | rātrīm | ubhayataḥ | pari | īyase | uta | mitraḥ | bhavasi | deva | dharma-bhiḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.81.4 English analysis of grammar]
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Savitar; sun; Surya; Savitṛ.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“light; celestial sphere.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“sun; Surya; sūrya [word]; right nostril; twelve; Calotropis gigantea Beng.; sūryakānta; sunlight; best.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine
“beam; rein; sunbeam; shininess; cord.”
[adverb]
“sam; together; together; saṃ.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“night; night; rātri [word]; turmeric; Rātri; day; night.”
[adverb]
[verb], singular, Indikativ Pr￤s. Passiv
“circumambulate; wander; revolve; overwhelm.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], instrumental, plural, neuter
“regulation; Dharma; law; property.”