Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 5.79.1

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒हे नो॑ अ॒द्य बो॑ध॒योषो॑ रा॒ये दि॒वित्म॑ती । यथा॑ चिन्नो॒ अबो॑धयः स॒त्यश्र॑वसि वा॒य्ये सुजा॑ते॒ अश्व॑सूनृते ॥
महे नो अद्य बोधयोषो राये दिवित्मती । यथा चिन्नो अबोधयः सत्यश्रवसि वाय्ये सुजाते अश्वसूनृते ॥
mahe no adya bodhayoṣo rāye divitmatī | yathā cin no abodhayaḥ satyaśravasi vāyye sujāte aśvasūnṛte ||

English translation:

“Radiant Uṣas, wake up today for (the acquisition of) ample riches, in like manner as you have awakened us (of old); bright-born, and praised sincerely for (the gift of) horses, show favour to satyaśravas, the son of Vayya.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The concluding phrase is the refrain of the following verses: sujāte aśvasūnṛte: sujātā, well-born = śobhanaprādur bhūta, becoming manifest with splendour or light; aśvasunṛta, she whose praise for the sake of horses is affectionate and true, svartha priyasatyātmika stutivāk yasyāḥ sa

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): satyaśravā ātreyaḥ [satyaśravā ātreya];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): uṣāḥ ;
Chandas (meter): svarāḍbrāhmīgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒हे । नः॒ । अ॒द्य । बो॒ध॒य॒ । उषः॑ । रा॒ये । दि॒वित्म॑ती । यथा॑ । चि॒त् । नः॒ । अबो॑धयः । स॒त्यऽश्र॑वसि । वा॒य्ये । सुऽजा॑ते । अश्व॑ऽसूनृते ॥
महे । नः । अद्य । बोधय । उषः । राये । दिवित्मती । यथा । चित् । नः । अबोधयः । सत्यश्रवसि । वाय्ये । सुजाते । अश्वसूनृते ॥
mahe | naḥ | adya | bodhaya | uṣaḥ | rāye | divitmatī | yathā | cit | naḥ | abodhayaḥ | satya-śravasi | vāyye | su-jāte | aśva-sūnṛte

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 5.79.1 English analysis of grammar]

mahe < mah

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“great; great; distinguished; much(a); adult; long; high.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

adya

[adverb]

“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”

bodhayoṣo < bodhaya < bodhay < √budh

[verb], singular, Present imperative

“awaken; ignite; advise; admonish; communicate.”

bodhayoṣo < uṣaḥ < uṣas

[noun], vocative, singular, feminine

“Ushas; dawn; uṣas [word]; morning.”

rāye < rai

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“wealth; possession; rai [word]; gold.”

divitmatī < divitmat

[noun], nominative, singular, feminine

yathā

[adverb]

“equally; as; so that; like; how; yathā [word]; that; wherein.”

cin < cit

[adverb]

“even; indeed.”

no < naḥ < mad

[noun], accusative, plural

“I; mine.”

abodhayaḥ < bodhay < √budh

[verb], singular, Imperfect

“awaken; ignite; advise; admonish; communicate.”

satyaśravasi < satyaśravas

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

vāyye < vāyya

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

sujāte < su

[adverb]

“very; well; good; nicely; beautiful; su; early; quite.”

sujāte < jāte < jan

[verb noun], vocative, singular

“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”

aśvasūnṛte < aśva

[noun], masculine

“horse; aśva [word]; Aśva; stallion.”

aśvasūnṛte < sūnṛte < sūnṛta

[noun], vocative, singular, feminine

“big; friendly.”

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